Palencia-Madrid Leire, Baeta Miriam, Kleinbielen Tamara, Toro-Delgado Nerea, Villaescusa Patricia, Sanchez-Bustamante Elena, de Pancorbo Marian M, Luis Javier Rodriguez, Ware Kathryn E, Somarelli Jason A, Garcia-Bertrand Ralph, Herrera Rene J
BIOMICs Research Group, Dpto. Z. y Biologia Celular A., Lascaray Research Centre, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Area de Antropología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Gene. 2022 May 20;823:146357. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146357. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
This study examines Y-chromosome and mtDNA markers in the population of the island of Kiritimati in the context of geographically targeted reference populations from the Pacific. Kiritimati derives its population from the atoll islands of the Gilbert Archipelago and representsa geographicaltransitional region between Micronesia, Polynesia and Melanesia that likely played a critical role during theAustronesian expansion. The large presence(84.1%)of individuals withO-M175, O2a-M324 and O2a2b-P164 sub-haplogroups, 69.9% being O2a2b-P164, the Y-STR homogeneity within O2a2b-P164 and the very recent age of the sub-haplogroup(363-548 years ago)inKiritimati suggestthe arrival ofa genetically homogenous population to the Gilberteses followed by a population expassion.The close Y-STR haplotype affinities with profiles from the Samoa and Tonga Archipelagos point to an unprecedented massive post-Austronesian expansionexodus from West Polynesia.Contrasting the abundance of AustronesianO2a2b-P164 sub-haplogroup, the most abundantMelanesian/Papuansub-haplogroup,C-M130is present at a frequency of 13.5%. Thenetwork topology suggests that C-M130 arrived to theKiribati Archipelago from West Polynesia, specifically from West Samoa, Tonga and/or Tutuila subsequent to the Austronesian expansion about 832-1408 years ago. The haplotype affinities withinO2a2b-P164 argue for anoriginal source in Taiwan and its dispersal to West Polynesia and then to Southeast Micronesia. The present investigation provides an understanding of the genetic composition and complex migration history of an understudied region of the Pacific and provides evidence for recent dispersals towards Micronesia from West Polynesia subsequent to the initial Austronesian expansion.
本研究在来自太平洋的地理定位参考人群的背景下，对基里蒂马蒂岛的人群进行了Y染色体和线粒体DNA标记检测。基里蒂马蒂岛的人口源自吉尔伯特群岛的环礁岛，是密克罗尼西亚、波利尼西亚和美拉尼西亚之间的地理过渡区域，在南岛语系扩张过程中可能发挥了关键作用。O-M175、O2a-M324和O2a2b-P164亚单倍群个体大量存在（84.1%），其中69.9%为O2a2b-P164，O2a2b-P164内Y-STR的同质性以及该亚单倍群在基里蒂马蒂岛非常近的年龄（363 - 548年前）表明，一个基因同质的人群抵达吉尔伯特群岛后出现了人口扩张。与萨摩亚和汤加群岛的谱系具有密切的Y-STR单倍型亲缘关系，表明南岛语系扩张后出现了前所未有的大规模从西波利尼西亚向外迁移的现象。与丰富的南岛语系O2a2b-P164亚单倍群形成对比的是，最丰富的美拉尼西亚/巴布亚亚单倍群C-M130的出现频率为13.5%。网络拓扑结构表明，C-M130在约832 - 1408年前南岛语系扩张之后，从西波利尼西亚，特别是从西萨摩亚、汤加和/或图图伊拉抵达基里巴斯群岛。O2a2b-P164内的单倍型亲缘关系表明其起源于台湾，然后扩散到西波利尼西亚，再到密克罗尼西亚东南部。本研究对太平洋一个研究较少地区的遗传组成和复杂的迁徙历史有了一定了解，并为南岛语系最初扩张后最近从西波利尼西亚向密克罗尼西亚的扩散提供了证据。
