Huldani Huldani, Abdalkareem Jasim Saade, Olegovich Bokov Dmitry, Abdelbasset Walid Kamal, Nader Shalaby Mohammed, Thangavelu Lakshmi, Margiana Ria, Qasim Maytham T
Department of Physiology, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Borneo, Indonesia.
Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-maarif University College, Al-anbar-Ramadi, Iraq.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 May;106:108634. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108634. Epub 2022 Feb 19.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to have superior potential to be used astherapeutic candidates in various disorders. Nevertheless, the clinical application of these cells have been restricted because of their tumorigenic properties. Increasing evidence has established that the valuable impacts of MSCs are mainly attributable to the paracrine factors including extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are nanosized double-layer phospholipid membrane vesicles contain various proteins, lipids and miRNAs which mediate cell-to-cell communications. Due to their inferior immunogenicity and tumorigenicity, as well as easier management, EVs have drawn attention as potential cell-free replacement therapy to MSCs. For that reason, herein, we reviewed the recent findings of researches on different MSC-EVs and their effectiveness in the treatment of several autoimmune and rheumatic diseases including multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus as well as Sjogren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）已被证明在多种疾病中具有作为治疗候选者的卓越潜力。然而，由于这些细胞的致瘤特性，其临床应用受到了限制。越来越多的证据表明，MSCs的有益影响主要归因于包括细胞外囊泡（EVs）在内的旁分泌因子。EVs是纳米大小的双层磷脂膜囊泡，包含各种蛋白质、脂质和miRNA，它们介导细胞间通讯。由于其较低的免疫原性和致瘤性，以及更易于管理，EVs作为MSCs潜在的无细胞替代疗法受到了关注。因此，在本文中，我们综述了不同MSC-EVs的最新研究结果及其在治疗几种自身免疫性和风湿性疾病中的有效性，这些疾病包括多发性硬化症、炎症性肠病、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、骨质疏松症和系统性红斑狼疮，以及干燥综合征、系统性硬化症和其他自身免疫性疾病。
