Semertzidis Yannis K, Youn SungWoo
Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, IBS, Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea.
Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
Sci Adv. 2022 Feb 25;8(8):eabm9928. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abm9928. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
The axion is a highly motivated elementary particle that could address two fundamental questions in physics-the strong charge-parity (CP) problem and the dark matter mystery. Experimental searches for this hypothetical particle started reaching theoretically interesting sensitivity levels, particularly in the micro-electron volt (gigahertz) region. They rely on microwave resonators in strong magnetic fields with signals read out by quantum noise limited amplifiers. Concurrently, there have been intensive experimental efforts to widen the search range by devising various techniques and to enhance sensitivities by implementing advanced technologies. These orthogonal approaches will enable us to explore most of the parameter space for axions and axion-like particles within the next decades, with the 1- to 25-gigahertz frequency range to be conquered well within the first decade. We review the experimental aspects of axion physics and discuss the past, present, and future of the direct search programs.
轴子是一种极具吸引力的基本粒子，它可以解决物理学中的两个基本问题——强电荷宇称（CP）问题和暗物质之谜。对这种假设粒子的实验搜索开始达到理论上有趣的灵敏度水平，特别是在微电子伏特（吉赫兹）区域。这些搜索依赖于强磁场中的微波谐振器，信号由量子噪声受限放大器读出。与此同时，人们通过设计各种技术来扩大搜索范围，并通过实施先进技术来提高灵敏度，进行了大量实验工作。这些正交方法将使我们能够在未来几十年内探索轴子和类轴子粒子的大部分参数空间，1至25吉赫兹的频率范围将在第一个十年内被很好地攻克。我们回顾了轴子物理学的实验方面，并讨论了直接搜索计划的过去、现在和未来。
