Grazzani Ilaria, Agliati Alessia, Cavioni Valeria, Conte Elisabetta, Gandellini Sabina, Lupica Spagnolo Mara, Ornaghi Veronica, Rossi Francesca Micol, Cefai Carmel, Bartolo Paul, Camilleri Liberato, Oriordan Mollie Rose
"R. Massa" Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Front Psychol. 2022 Feb 7;13:801761. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.801761. eCollection 2022.
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of social and emotional learning (SEL) skills and resilience in explaining mental health in male and female adolescents, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Three self-report questionnaires were administered to 778 participants aged between 11 and 16 years (mean age = 12.73 years; SD = 1.73) and recruited from 18 schools in Northern Italy. The SSIS-SEL-S and the CD-RISC 10 assessed SEL and resilience skills respectively, while the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to measure mental health in terms of internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and prosocial behavior. We found that SEL and resilience skills were positively and significantly associated with each other, negatively associated with internalizing and externalizing problems, and positively related to prosocial behavior. Three linear regression analyses showed the significant role of resilience, age, and gender in explaining the variance of internalizing problems; the significant role of SEL skills, resilience, age, and gender in explaining the variance of externalizing problems; and the role of SEL skills, age, and gender in explaining prosocial behavior. Importantly, we found that resilience fully mediated the relationship between SEL skills and internalizing problems, partially mediated the relationship between SEL skills and externalizing problems and didn't mediate the relationship between SEL skills and prosocial behavior. The paper concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the study as well as its practical implications.
本文的主要目的是调查社会情感学习（SEL）技能和心理韧性在解释新冠疫情期间青少年心理健康方面所起的作用，研究对象包括男性和女性青少年。我们对来自意大利北部18所学校的778名年龄在11至16岁之间（平均年龄 = 12.73岁；标准差 = 1.73）的参与者进行了三项自陈式问卷调查。SSIS-SEL-S问卷和CD-RISC 10问卷分别评估了SEL技能和心理韧性，而优势与困难问卷（SDQ）则用于从内化问题、外化问题和亲社会行为方面衡量心理健康状况。我们发现，SEL技能和心理韧性之间呈显著正相关，与内化问题和外化问题呈负相关，与亲社会行为呈正相关。三项线性回归分析表明，心理韧性、年龄和性别在解释内化问题的方差方面具有显著作用；SEL技能、心理韧性、年龄和性别在解释外化问题的方差方面具有显著作用；SEL技能、年龄和性别在解释亲社会行为方面具有作用。重要的是，我们发现心理韧性完全中介了SEL技能与内化问题之间的关系，部分中介了SEL技能与外化问题之间的关系，且未中介SEL技能与亲社会行为之间的关系。本文最后讨论了该研究的局限性及其实际意义。
