Carvalho Cindy, Madaleno Mara
Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism (DEGEIT), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Research Unit On Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies (GOVCOPP), Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism (DEGEIT), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Mar;30(15):42965-42982. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19296-7. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
According to the definition that the European Commission (2001) offered us, corporate social responsibility is a set of measures that an organization can adapt, to improve the well-being of its stakeholders and promote the balance of economic, social, and environmental performance. The stakeholder theory clarifies that this decision-making must take into consideration all groups of people, being the only way of having a proportional benefit. Based on this premise, in this study, we intend to unravel the main determinants of corporate social responsibility in 63 Portuguese companies. To accomplish that, we used panel data, withdrawn from the SABI database, in the period comprehended between 2008 and 2018, applying the Probit model and the dynamic GMM for robustness check. The sample is composed of 42 companies that find themselves listed in the Portuguese stock exchange and 21 that do not. We can verify that the outcomes allow the analyses of nine variables, among them, only the audit, the asset rotation ratio, the debt ratio, the size, age, and financial autonomy show themselves as statistically positive in the implementation of corporate social responsibility practices. Even though the outcomes were not what we initially predicted, they revealed the positive impact of such practices. We consider them necessary and a reality that companies should pursue, even for the gains of capital that it might represent. We firmly believe that being socially responsible constitutes an essential practice from which all of us can benefit, contributing to life improvement in the community and for environmental sustainability.
根据欧盟委员会（2001年）给出的定义，企业社会责任是一个组织可以采用的一系列措施，以改善其利益相关者的福祉，并促进经济、社会和环境绩效的平衡。利益相关者理论阐明，这种决策必须考虑到所有人群，这是实现均衡受益的唯一途径。基于这一前提，在本研究中，我们打算剖析63家葡萄牙公司企业社会责任的主要决定因素。为实现这一目标，我们使用了从SABI数据库提取的2008年至2018年期间的面板数据，应用Probit模型和动态广义矩方法进行稳健性检验。样本由42家在葡萄牙证券交易所上市的公司和21家未上市的公司组成。我们可以验证，结果允许对九个变量进行分析，其中，只有审计、资产周转率、负债率、规模、年龄和财务自主性在企业社会责任实践的实施中显示出统计上的正向影响。尽管结果并非我们最初预测的那样，但它们揭示了这些实践的积极影响。我们认为它们是必要的，也是企业应该追求的现实，即使这可能带来资本收益。我们坚信，履行社会责任是一项必不可少的实践，我们所有人都能从中受益，它有助于改善社区生活和实现环境可持续性。
