Yehia Moustafa R, Smolyarova Tatyana E, Shabanov Alexandr V, Sushko Ekaterina S, Badun Gennady A, Kudryasheva Nadezhda S
Biophysics Department, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center 'Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS', 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2022 Feb 3;9(2):61. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering9020061.
Our current study aimed to adapt a bioluminescent bacteria-based bioassay to monitor the bioeffects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Luminous marine bacteria and AuNPs modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone were employed; low-concentration (≤10 g/L) bioeffects of AuNPs were studied. Bioluminescence intensity was used as an indicator of physiological activity in bacteria. Two additional methods were used: reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was estimated with a chemiluminescent luminol method, and bacterial size was monitored using electron microscopy. The bacterial bioluminescent response to AuNPs corresponded to the "hormesis" model and involved time-dependent bioluminescence activation, as well as a pronounced increase in the number of enlarged bacteria. We found negative correlations between the time courses of bioluminescence and the ROS content in bacterial suspensions, demonstrating the relationship between bioluminescence activation and bacterial ROS consumption. The combined effects of AuNPs and a beta-emitting radionuclide, tritium, revealed suppression of bacterial bioluminescent activity (as compared to their individual effects) and a reduced percentage of enlarged bacteria. Therefore, we demonstrated that our bacteria-based bioluminescence assay is an appropriate tool to study the bioeffects of AuNPs; the bioeffects can be further classified within a unified framework for rapid bioassessment.
我们当前的研究旨在采用一种基于生物发光细菌的生物测定法来监测金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）的生物效应。使用了发光海洋细菌和用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮修饰的AuNPs；研究了AuNPs的低浓度（≤10 g/L）生物效应。生物发光强度被用作细菌生理活性的指标。还使用了另外两种方法：用化学发光鲁米诺法估算活性氧（ROS）含量，并使用电子显微镜监测细菌大小。细菌对AuNPs的生物发光反应符合“兴奋效应”模型，涉及随时间变化的生物发光激活，以及大量细菌体积增大。我们发现生物发光的时间进程与细菌悬液中ROS含量之间呈负相关，这表明生物发光激活与细菌ROS消耗之间存在关联。AuNPs与一种发射β射线的放射性核素氚的联合效应显示细菌生物发光活性受到抑制（与它们各自的效应相比），且细菌体积增大的百分比降低。因此，我们证明基于细菌的生物发光测定法是研究AuNPs生物效应的合适工具；这些生物效应可以在一个统一框架内进一步分类以进行快速生物评估。
