Kou Hongyan, Hu Junru, Wang An-Li, Pan Xunbin, Vijayaraman Sarath Babu, Miao Yutao, Lin Li
Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Apr;123:127-135. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.027. Epub 2022 Feb 22.
In aquatic animals, dietary protein plays a crucial role in their growth and immunity. A feeding trial was conducted on soft-shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) to assess the effects of various levels of protein on the specific growth rate (SGR), ambient water quality (total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP)), hematological parameters (respiratory burst (RB), red blood cell count (RBC), albumin content (Alb), hemoglobin level (Hb) and osmolality), plasma immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels and lysozyme activity. Soft-shelled turtles weighing about 4.02 g were fed fish meal-based diets with 14.38%, 20.41%, 26.19%, 32.23%, 37.63% and 45.23% protein for 8 weeks. SGR, RBC, Hb, Alb, RB, IgM and lysozyme activity were enhanced as the dietary protein was increased from 14.38% to 26.19%, then reached a plateau. For identical feeding times, TAN and TN were increased with elevating dietary protein levels. While, no statistically significant differences were observed among the 26.19%, 32.23% and 37.63% groups. When the turtles were cultivated for 56 days and fed with 45.23% protein, the TP in the culturing water was higher than that in the other groups. An increase in dietary protein level up to 26.19% increased the RNA/DNA ratio, which subsequently plateaued at a steady level. The levels of dietary protein had no impact on osmolality or alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity. On the basis of broken-line analyses derived from SGR, the optimum dietary protein level for soft-shelled turtles was found to be 27.11% protein.
在水生动物中，日粮蛋白质对其生长和免疫起着至关重要的作用。对中华鳖进行了一项饲养试验，以评估不同蛋白质水平对特定生长率（SGR）、养殖水体水质（总氨氮（TAN）、总氮（TN）和总磷（TP））、血液学参数（呼吸爆发（RB）、红细胞计数（RBC）、白蛋白含量（Alb）、血红蛋白水平（Hb）和渗透压）、血浆免疫球蛋白M（IgM）水平和溶菌酶活性的影响。将体重约4.02 g的中华鳖投喂以鱼粉为基础的日粮，蛋白质含量分别为14.38%、20.41%、26.19%、32.23%、37.63%和45.23%，持续8周。随着日粮蛋白质含量从14.38%增加到26.19%，SGR、RBC、Hb、Alb、RB、IgM和溶菌酶活性增强，随后达到平台期。在相同的投喂时间内，则随着日粮蛋白质水平的升高，TAN和TN增加。然而，在26.19%、32.23%和37.63%这三组之间未观察到统计学上的显著差异。当中华鳖养殖56天并投喂45.23%蛋白质的日粮时，养殖水体中的TP高于其他组。日粮蛋白质水平提高到26.19%会增加RNA/DNA比值，随后该比值稳定在一个平稳水平。日粮蛋白质水平对渗透压或碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性没有影响。基于从SGR得出的折线分析，发现中华鳖的最佳日粮蛋白质水平为27.11%。
