Lo Feudo Chiara Maria, Stucchi Luca, Stancari Giovanni, Alberti Elena, Conturba Bianca, Zucca Enrica, Ferrucci Francesco
Equine Sports Medicine Laboratory "Franco Tradati", Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Feb 12;12(4):449. doi: 10.3390/ani12040449.
Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) is a condition affecting up to 95% of racehorses, diagnosed by detecting blood in the trachea after exercise and/or the presence of hemosiderophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf). Although EIPH is commonly associated with poor performance, scientific evidence is scarce. The athletic capacity of racehorses can be quantified through some parameters obtained during an incremental treadmill test; in particular, the speed at a heart rate of 200 bpm (V200), and the speed (VLa4) and the heart rate (HRLa4) at which the blood lactate concentration reaches 4 mmol/L are considered good fitness indicators. The present retrospective study aims to evaluate whether EIPH could influence fitness parameters in poorly performing Standardbreds. For this purpose, data from 81 patients regarding their V200, VLa4, HRLa4, peak lactate, maximum speed, minimum pH, and maximum hematocrit were reviewed; EIPH scores were assigned based on tracheobronchoscopy and BALf cytology. The association between the fitness parameters and EIPH was evaluated through Spearman's correlation analysis. No relationship between EIPH and V200, VLa4, and HRLa4 was observed. Interestingly, EIPH-positive horses showed higher hematocrit values ( = 0.0072, r = 0.47), suggesting the possible influence of the hemoconcentration on the increase of pulmonary capillary pressure as a part of the pathogenesis of EIPH.
运动性肺出血（EIPH）是一种影响高达95%赛马的病症，通过运动后检测气管中的血液和/或支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALf）中含铁血黄素巨噬细胞的存在来诊断。尽管EIPH通常与表现不佳有关，但科学证据却很少。赛马的运动能力可以通过在递增式跑步机测试中获得的一些参数来量化；特别是，心率为200次/分钟时的速度（V200），以及血乳酸浓度达到4 mmol/L时的速度（VLa4）和心率（HRLa4）被认为是良好的体能指标。本回顾性研究旨在评估EIPH是否会影响表现不佳的标准赛马的体能参数。为此，回顾了81例患者关于其V200、VLa4、HRLa4、乳酸峰值、最大速度、最低pH值和最大血细胞比容的数据；根据气管支气管镜检查和BALf细胞学结果分配EIPH评分。通过Spearman相关性分析评估体能参数与EIPH之间的关联。未观察到EIPH与V200、VLa4和HRLa4之间存在关系。有趣的是，EIPH阳性的马匹显示出更高的血细胞比容值（P = 0.0072，r = 0.47），这表明血液浓缩可能作为EIPH发病机制的一部分对肺毛细血管压力升高产生影响。
