Sugiyama Fumi, Takahashi Yuji, Nomura Motoi, Ebisuda Yusaku, Mukai Kazutaka, Yoshida Toshinobu
Sports Science Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4, Shiba, Shimotsuke 329-0412, Tochigi, Japan.
Equine Department, Japan Racing Association, 1-1-1, Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato 105-0003, Tokyo, Japan.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Apr 14;13(8):1348. doi: 10.3390/ani13081348.
We investigated the risk factors for epistaxis in Japanese flat races over a 20-year period. The veterinary records of horses identified as having epistaxis by endoscopy on the race day, and the official racing records of all flat races from April to September between 2001 and 2020, were reviewed. The racecourses ( = 10), surface type, surface condition, race class, race distance, race year, sex, age, two training centers, ambient temperature, and body weight on race days were assessed using multivariable logistic regression ( < 0.05). Of 475,709 race starts, 616 (1.30 cases per 1000 starts; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-1.40) included an epistaxis event. Nine variables were significantly associated with epistaxis. Seven of the variables have been reported in previous studies: lower ambient temperature, soft surface conditions, shorter racing distances (≤1400 m), increasing age, females and geldings compared to males, training center, and race year. However, two novel variables were identified as significantly associated with epistaxis, increasing body weight per 20 kg ( < 0.001, odds ratio [OR], 1.33; 95% CI, 1.25-1.41) and the racecourses that the horses were running at ( < 0.001, especially Sapporo [OR; 4.74, 95% CI, 3.07-7.31], Hakodate [OR, 4.66; 95% CI, 3.05-7.11], and Kokura [OR, 4.14; 95% CI, 2.65-6.48] compared to the reference racecourse [Kyoto]). These results can facilitate developing interventions to reduce epistaxis in flat racing.
我们调查了20年间日本平地赛马鼻出血的风险因素。回顾了在比赛日经内窥镜检查确定有鼻出血的马匹的兽医记录，以及2001年至2020年4月至9月期间所有平地赛马的官方比赛记录。使用多变量逻辑回归分析（P<0.05）评估了赛马场（=10个）、地面类型、地面状况、比赛级别、比赛距离、比赛年份、性别、年龄、两个训练中心、环境温度和比赛日体重。在475,709次比赛起跑中，616次（每1000次起跑中有1.30例；95%置信区间[CI]，1.20-1.40）出现鼻出血事件。九个变量与鼻出血显著相关。其中七个变量在先前的研究中已有报道：环境温度较低、地面状况柔软、比赛距离较短（≤1400米）、年龄增长、与雄性相比的雌性和去势雄性、训练中心和比赛年份。然而，确定了两个与鼻出血显著相关的新变量，每增加20公斤体重（P<0.001，优势比[OR]，1.33；95%CI，1.25-1.41）以及马匹参赛的赛马场（P<0.001，特别是与参考赛马场[京都]相比，札幌[OR；4.74，95%CI，3.07-7.31]、函馆[OR，4.66；95%CI，3.05-7.11]和小仓[OR，4.14；95%CI，2.65-6.48]）。这些结果有助于制定减少平地赛马鼻出血的干预措施。
