Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan.
Institute for Research Promotion, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan.
Cells. 2022 Feb 18;11(4):726. doi: 10.3390/cells11040726.
Transit amplification of neural progenitors/precursors is widely used in the development of the central nervous system and for tissue homeostasis. In most cases, stem cells, which are relatively less proliferative, first differentiate into transit amplifying cells, which are more proliferative, losing their stemness. Subsequently, transit amplifying cells undergo a limited number of mitoses and differentiation to expand the progeny of differentiated cells. This step-by-step proliferation is considered an efficient system for increasing the number of differentiated cells while maintaining the stem cells. Recently, we reported that cerebellar granule cell progenitors also undergo transit amplification in mice. In this review, we summarize our and others' recent findings and the prospective contribution of transit amplification to neural development and evolution, as well as the molecular mechanisms regulating transit amplification.
神经祖细胞/前体细胞的过渡扩增被广泛应用于中枢神经系统的发育和组织内稳态的维持。在大多数情况下，增殖能力相对较弱的干细胞首先分化为过渡扩增细胞，这些细胞具有更高的增殖能力，失去了干细胞特性。随后，过渡扩增细胞经历有限次数的有丝分裂和分化，以扩增分化细胞的后代。这种逐步增殖被认为是一种有效的系统，可以在维持干细胞的同时增加分化细胞的数量。最近，我们报道了小脑颗粒细胞祖细胞在小鼠中也经历了过渡扩增。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们和其他人的最新发现，以及过渡扩增对神经发育和进化的潜在贡献，以及调节过渡扩增的分子机制。
