Espeland Kristian, Kleinauskas Andrius, Juzenas Petras, Brech Andreas, Darvekar Sagar, Vasovic Vlada, Warloe Trond, Christensen Eidi, Jahnsen Jørgen, Peng Qian
Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, N-1478 Lorenskog, Norway.
Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway.
Biomedicines. 2022 Jan 21;10(2):232. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10020232.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a precursor to the potent photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), is an established modality for several malignant and premalignant diseases. This treatment is based on the light-activated PpIX in targeted lesions. Although numerous studies have confirmed the necrosis and apoptosis involved in the mechanism of action of this modality, little information is available for the change of exosome levels after treatment. We report from the first study on the effects of ALA-PDT on cytokines and exosomes of human healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The treatment reduced the cytokines and exosomes studied, although there was variation among individual PBMC samples. This reduction is consistent with PDT-mediated survivals of subsets of PBMCs. More specifically, the ALA-PDT treatment apparently decreased all pro-inflammatory cytokines included, suggesting that this treatment may provide a strong anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, the treatment has decreased the levels of different types of exosomes, the HLA-DRDPDQ exosome in particular, which plays an important role in the rejection of organ transplantation as well as autoimmune diseases. These results may suggest future therapeutic strategies of ALA-PDT.
光动力疗法（PDT）使用5-氨基乙酰丙酸（ALA），它是强效光敏剂原卟啉IX（PpIX）的前体，是治疗多种恶性和癌前疾病的既定方法。这种治疗基于靶向病变中光激活的PpIX。尽管大量研究证实了这种治疗方式作用机制中涉及坏死和凋亡，但关于治疗后外泌体水平变化的信息却很少。我们首次报道了ALA-PDT对人健康外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）细胞因子和外泌体的影响。该治疗降低了所研究的细胞因子和外泌体水平，尽管各个PBMC样本之间存在差异。这种降低与PDT介导的PBMC亚群存活一致。更具体地说，ALA-PDT治疗明显降低了所有包括的促炎细胞因子，这表明该治疗可能具有强大的抗炎作用。此外，该治疗降低了不同类型外泌体的水平，尤其是HLA-DRDPDQ外泌体，它在器官移植排斥以及自身免疫性疾病中起重要作用。这些结果可能为ALA-PDT的未来治疗策略提供启示。
