Sirufo Maria Maddalena, De Pietro Francesca, Ginaldi Lia, De Martinis Massimo
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi n.1, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Allergology and Clinical Immunology Unit, ASL 04, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2022 Jan 29;10(2):328. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10020328.
Gender differences are increasingly emerging in every area of medicine including drug therapy; however, specific gender-targeted studies are infrequent. Sex is a fundamental variable, which cannot be neglected. When optimizing therapies, gender pharmacology must always be considered in order to improve the effectiveness and safety of the use of drugs. Knowledge of gender differences promotes appropriate use of therapies and greater health protection for both genders. Further development of gender research would make it possible to report on differences in the assimilation and response of the female organism as compared to the male, in order to identify potential risks and benefits that can be found between genders. Furthermore, a better understanding of sex/gender-related influences, with regard to pharmacological activity, would allow the development of personalized "tailor-made" medicines. Here, we summarize the state of knowledge on the role of sex in several allergic diseases and their treatment with omalizumab, the first biologic drug authorized for use in the field of allergology.
性别差异在包括药物治疗在内的医学各个领域日益凸显；然而，针对特定性别的研究却并不常见。性别是一个基本变量，不容忽视。在优化治疗方案时，必须始终考虑性别药理学，以提高药物使用的有效性和安全性。了解性别差异有助于促进治疗方法的合理使用，并为两性提供更好的健康保护。性别研究的进一步发展将有可能报告女性机体与男性机体在吸收和反应方面的差异，以便确定两性之间可能存在的潜在风险和益处。此外，更好地理解与性别相关的对药理活性的影响，将有助于开发个性化的“量身定制”药物。在此，我们总结了关于性别在几种过敏性疾病中的作用以及使用奥马珠单抗（第一种被批准用于过敏学领域的生物药物）治疗这些疾病的知识现状。
