Šilhavý Jan, Mlejnek Petr, Šimáková Miroslava, Liška František, Kubovčiak Jan, Sticová Eva, Pravenec Michal
Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic.
Biomedicines. 2022 Feb 4;10(2):376. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10020376.
Recent studies in humans and rats suggested that increased Na storage in the skin without parallel water retention may predispose to salt-sensitive hypertension. In the current studies, we compared tissue Na storage in salt sensitive spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) versus salt resistant normotensive Brown Norway (BN-) rats. After salt loading (10 days drinking 1% NaCl solution), the SHR showed significant parallel increase in Na-to-water as well as (Na+K)-to-water ratios suggesting increased storage of osmotically inactive Na in the skin while no significant changes in skin electrolyte concentrations were observed in BN- rats. SHR rats after salt treatment exhibited a nonsignificant decrease in skin blood capillary number (rarefaction) while BN- rats showed significantly increased skin blood capillary density. Analysis of dermal gene expression profiles in BN- rats after salt treatment showed significant up-regulation of genes involved in angiogenesis and proliferation of endothelial cells contrary to the SHR. Since the skin harbors most of the body's resistance vessels it is possible that blood capillary rarefaction may lead to increased peripheral resistance and salt sensitivity in the SHR.
近期针对人类和大鼠的研究表明，皮肤中钠储存增加而无相应的水潴留，可能会引发盐敏感性高血压。在当前的研究中，我们比较了盐敏感型自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）与盐抵抗型正常血压的挪威棕鼠（BN-）的组织钠储存情况。在给予高盐饮食（饮用1%氯化钠溶液10天）后，SHR的钠与水以及（钠+钾）与水的比例显著同步增加，这表明皮肤中渗透惰性钠的储存增加，而在BN-大鼠中未观察到皮肤电解质浓度有显著变化。盐处理后的SHR大鼠皮肤毛细血管数量出现非显著减少（血管稀疏），而BN-大鼠的皮肤毛细血管密度则显著增加。对盐处理后的BN-大鼠皮肤基因表达谱进行分析发现，与SHR相反，参与内皮细胞血管生成和增殖的基因显著上调。由于皮肤包含了身体大部分的阻力血管，因此皮肤毛细血管稀疏可能会导致SHR的外周阻力增加和盐敏感性增强。
