de Obeso Fernandez Del Valle Alvaro, Scheckhuber Christian Quintus
Departamento de Bioingeniería, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Jan 19;11(2):188. doi: 10.3390/antiox11020188.
Various components in the cell are responsible for maintaining physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several different enzymes exist that can convert or degrade ROS; among them are the superoxide dismutases (SODs). If left unchecked, ROS can cause damage that leads to pathology, can contribute to aging, and may, ultimately, cause death. SODs are responsible for converting superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide by dismutation. Here we review the role of different SODs on the development and pathogenicity of various eukaryotic microorganisms relevant to human health. These include the fungal aging model, ; various members of the genus that can potentially cause aspergillosis; the agents of diseases such as Chagas and sleeping disease, and , respectively; and, finally, pathogenic amoebae, such as spp. In these organisms, SODs fulfill essential and often regulatory functions that come into play during processes such as the development, host infection, propagation, and control of gene expression. We explore the contribution of SODs and their related factors in these microorganisms, which have an established role in health and disease.
细胞中的各种成分负责维持活性氧（ROS）的生理水平。存在几种不同的酶可以转化或降解ROS；其中包括超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）。如果不加以控制，ROS会造成损害，导致病理变化，促进衰老，并最终可能导致死亡。SOD负责通过歧化反应将超氧阴离子转化为过氧化氢。在这里，我们综述了不同SOD在与人类健康相关的各种真核微生物的发育和致病性中的作用。这些包括真菌衰老模型；曲霉属的各种成员，它们可能导致曲霉病；恰加斯病和昏睡病等疾病的病原体，分别为锥虫和布氏锥虫；最后是致病性变形虫，如溶组织内阿米巴等。在这些生物体中，SOD发挥着重要且通常是调节性的功能，这些功能在发育、宿主感染、繁殖和基因表达控制等过程中发挥作用。我们探讨了SOD及其相关因子在这些微生物中的作用，它们在健康和疾病中已确立了作用。
