Bouhamida Esmaa, Morciano Giampaolo, Perrone Mariasole, Kahsay Asrat E, Della Sala Mario, Wieckowski Mariusz R, Fiorica Francesco, Pinton Paolo, Giorgi Carlotta, Patergnani Simone
Department of Medical Sciences and Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Translational Research Center, Maria Cecilia Hospital GVM Care & Research, 48022 Cotignola, Italy.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Feb 12;11(2):300. doi: 10.3390/biology11020300.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cancer continue to be the primary cause of mortality worldwide and their pathomechanisms are a complex and multifactorial process. Insufficient oxygen availability (hypoxia) plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of both CVDs and cancer diseases, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), the main sensor of hypoxia, acts as a central regulator of multiple target genes in the human body. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that mitochondria are the major target of hypoxic injury, the most common source of reactive oxygen species during hypoxia and key elements for inflammation regulation during the development of both CVDs and cancer. Taken together, observations propose that hypoxia, mitochondrial abnormality, oxidative stress, inflammation in CVDs, and cancer are closely linked. Based upon these facts, this review aims to deeply discuss these intimate relationships and to summarize current significant findings corroborating the molecular mechanisms and potential therapies involved in hypoxia and mitochondrial dysfunction in CVDs and cancer.
心血管疾病（CVDs）和癌症仍然是全球范围内主要的死亡原因，其发病机制是一个复杂的多因素过程。氧供应不足（缺氧）在心血管疾病和癌症疾病的发病机制中起着关键作用，而缺氧诱导因子1（HIF-1）作为缺氧的主要传感器，是人体多个靶基因的核心调节因子。越来越多的证据表明，线粒体是缺氧损伤的主要靶点，是缺氧期间活性氧的最常见来源，也是心血管疾病和癌症发展过程中炎症调节的关键因素。综上所述，观察结果表明，心血管疾病和癌症中的缺氧、线粒体异常、氧化应激、炎症密切相关。基于这些事实，本综述旨在深入探讨这些密切关系，并总结当前证实心血管疾病和癌症中缺氧和线粒体功能障碍所涉及的分子机制及潜在治疗方法的重要发现。
