Gorelick P B, Biller J
Postgrad Med. 1986 Jun;79(8):257-68. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1986.11699436.
Lumbar puncture is a safe and simple procedure that can be performed with little risk of major complication if proper technique and indications are followed. As an emergency diagnostic procedure, spinal puncture is indicated when CNS infection is suspected or to establish the diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage when results of cranial computed tomography are normal. The major contraindication is elevated intracranial pressure with evidence of a mass lesion.
腰椎穿刺是一种安全且简单的操作，如果遵循适当的技术和适应症，其发生重大并发症的风险很小。作为一种紧急诊断程序，当怀疑中枢神经系统感染时或在头颅计算机断层扫描结果正常时用于确诊蛛网膜下腔出血时，需进行脊髓穿刺。主要禁忌症是颅内压升高并有占位性病变的证据。
