Diniz Francisca, Coelho Pedro, Duarte Henrique O, Sarmento Bruno, Reis Celso A, Gomes Joana
i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Feb 12;14(4):911. doi: 10.3390/cancers14040911.
Innovative strategies have been proposed to increase drug delivery to the tumor site and avoid cytotoxicity, improving the therapeutic efficacy of well-established anti-cancer drugs. Alterations in normal glycosylation processes are frequently observed in cancer cells and the resulting cell surface aberrant glycans can be used as direct molecular targets for drug delivery. In the present review, we address the development of strategies, such as monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates and nanoparticles that specific and selectively target cancer-associated glycans in tumor cells. The use of nanoparticles for drug delivery encompasses novel applications in cancer therapy, including vaccines encapsulated in synthetic nanoparticles and specific nanoparticles that target glycoproteins or glycan-binding proteins. Here, we highlight their potential to enhance targeting approaches and to optimize the delivery of clinically approved drugs to the tumor microenvironment, paving the way for improved personalized treatment approaches with major potential importance for the pharmaceutical and clinical sectors.
人们已经提出了创新策略，以增加药物向肿瘤部位的递送并避免细胞毒性，从而提高成熟抗癌药物的治疗效果。在癌细胞中经常观察到正常糖基化过程的改变，由此产生的细胞表面异常聚糖可用作药物递送的直接分子靶点。在本综述中，我们阐述了一些策略的发展，如单克隆抗体、抗体-药物偶联物和纳米颗粒，它们能够特异性且选择性地靶向肿瘤细胞中与癌症相关的聚糖。纳米颗粒用于药物递送涵盖了癌症治疗中的新应用，包括封装在合成纳米颗粒中的疫苗以及靶向糖蛋白或聚糖结合蛋白的特异性纳米颗粒。在此，我们强调它们在增强靶向方法以及优化临床批准药物向肿瘤微环境递送方面的潜力，为改进个性化治疗方法铺平道路，这对制药和临床领域具有重大潜在意义。
