Hoang Phuc H, Landi Maria Teresa
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Feb 15;14(4):961. doi: 10.3390/cancers14040961.
Lung cancer is the major leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Multiple epigenetic factors-in particular, DNA methylation-have been associated with the development of lung cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on DNA methylation alterations in lung tumorigenesis, as well as their associations with different histological subtypes, common cancer driver gene mutations (e.g., , , and ), and major epidemiological risk factors (e.g., sex, smoking status, race/ethnicity). Understanding the mechanisms of DNA methylation regulation and their associations with various risk factors can provide further insights into carcinogenesis, and create future avenues for prevention and personalized treatments. In addition, we also highlight outstanding questions regarding DNA methylation in lung cancer to be elucidated in future studies.
肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。多种表观遗传因素，尤其是DNA甲基化，与肺癌的发生发展相关。在本综述中，我们总结了目前关于肺癌发生过程中DNA甲基化改变的知识，以及它们与不同组织学亚型、常见癌症驱动基因突变（如 、 、和 ）和主要流行病学危险因素（如性别、吸烟状况、种族/民族）的关联。了解DNA甲基化调控机制及其与各种危险因素的关联，可为癌症发生提供进一步的见解，并为预防和个性化治疗开辟未来途径。此外，我们还强调了肺癌中DNA甲基化有待在未来研究中阐明的突出问题。
