Lagunas-Rangel Francisco Alejandro, Liu Wen, Schiöth Helgi B
Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC Box 593, Husargatan 3, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya Str. Moscow, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 12;19(4):2064. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042064.
Since environmental pollutants are ubiquitous and many of them are resistant to degradation, we are exposed to many of them on a daily basis. Notably, these pollutants can have harmful effects on our health and be linked to the development of disease. Epidemiological evidence together with a better understanding of the mechanisms that link toxic substances with the development of diseases, suggest that exposure to some environmental pollutants can lead to an increased risk of developing cancer. Furthermore, several studies have raised the role of low-dose exposure to environmental pollutants in cancer progression. However, little is known about how these compounds influence the treatments given to cancer patients. In this work, we present a series of evidences suggesting that environmental pollutants such as bisphenol A (BPA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), aluminum chloride (AlCl), and airborne particulate matter may reduce the efficacy of some common chemotherapeutic drugs used in different types of cancer. We discuss the potential underlying molecular mechanisms that lead to the generation of this chemoresistance, such as apoptosis evasion, DNA damage repair, activation of pro-cancer signaling pathways, drug efflux and action of antioxidant enzymes, among others.
由于环境污染物无处不在，且其中许多污染物具有抗降解性，我们每天都会接触到多种此类污染物。值得注意的是，这些污染物会对我们的健康产生有害影响，并与疾病的发展相关联。流行病学证据以及对将有毒物质与疾病发展联系起来的机制的更深入理解表明，接触某些环境污染物会增加患癌风险。此外，多项研究凸显了低剂量接触环境污染物在癌症进展中的作用。然而，对于这些化合物如何影响癌症患者的治疗，我们知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们展示了一系列证据，表明双酚A（BPA）、苯并[a]芘（BaP）、持久性有机污染物（POPs）、氯化铝（AlCl）和空气中的颗粒物等环境污染物可能会降低不同类型癌症中使用的一些常见化疗药物的疗效。我们讨论了导致这种化疗耐药性产生的潜在分子机制，如逃避凋亡、DNA损伤修复、促癌信号通路的激活、药物外排以及抗氧化酶的作用等。
