Research Center for Equitable Development EQUIDE, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, Mexico City 01219, Mexico.
Department of Public Health, Montclair State University, 1 Normal Avenue, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 17;19(4):2315. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042315.
Return to work is one of the most significant barriers to breastfeeding (BF). Family-friendly policies are critical to ensure that BF and maternal work are not mutually exclusive. This study aims to determine contextual factors and underlying mechanisms influencing the implementation of workplace policies in Mexico. Following a qualitative approach, the study was conducted in the following four cities in Mexico: Mérida, Chihuahua, Guadalajara, and Monterrey. Interviews were conducted in 14 workplaces, and included 49 (potential) beneficiaries, 41 male employees, and 21 managers and human resources personnel. The information collected was analyzed through a deductive thematic analysis and mapped against the Context-Mechanism-Outcome framework of Breastfeeding Interventions at the Workplace. Contextual factors influencing a BF-friendly environment in the workplace were as follows: work-schedule flexibility, provision of lactation services (i.e., BF counseling) other than a lactation room, women's previous experience with BF and family-friendly environments in the workplace. The underlying mechanisms enabling/impeding a BF-friendly environment at the workplace were as follows: awareness of Mexican maternity protection legislation, usage of BF interventions in the workplace, culture, supervisor/co-worker support and BF-friendly physical space. To achieve a BF-friendly environment in the workplace, actions at the level of public policy and workplaces must accompany adherence to Mexican legislation.
返回工作岗位是母乳喂养（BF）的最大障碍之一。家庭友好政策对于确保 BF 和母亲工作不相互排斥至关重要。本研究旨在确定影响墨西哥工作场所政策实施的背景因素和潜在机制。该研究采用定性方法，在墨西哥的以下四个城市进行：梅里达、奇瓦瓦、瓜达拉哈拉和蒙特雷。在 14 个工作场所进行了访谈，包括 49 名（潜在）受益者、41 名男性员工和 21 名经理和人力资源人员。通过演绎主题分析收集的信息，并根据母乳喂养干预措施在工作场所的背景-机制-结果框架进行映射。影响工作场所 BF 友好环境的背景因素如下：工作时间表的灵活性、提供除哺乳室外的哺乳服务（即 BF 咨询）、女性以前在工作场所的 BF 和家庭友好环境的经验。促进/阻碍工作场所 BF 友好环境的潜在机制如下：对墨西哥产妇保护立法的认识、在工作场所使用 BF 干预措施、文化、主管/同事支持和 BF 友好的物理空间。要在工作场所营造 BF 友好环境，必须在公共政策和工作场所层面采取行动，同时遵守墨西哥的立法。
