Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Campo Experimental La Campana, Aldama, Chihuahua 32910, Mexico.
College of Animal Production and Ecology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31453, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 18;19(4):2345. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042345.
The use of treated wastewater (TWW) for irrigation has gained global attention since it reduces pressure on groundwater (GW) and surface water. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of TWW on agronomic, photosynthetic, stomatal, and nutritional characteristics of barley plants. The experiment with barley was established on two bands: one band was irrigated with GW and the other with TWW. The evaluation was performed 25, 40, 60, 90, and 115 days after sowing (DAS). Results showed that irrigation with TWW increased ( < 0.01) grain yield by 54.3% and forage yield by 39.4% compared to GW irrigation. In addition, it increased plant height (PH) ( = 0.013), chlorophyll concentration index (CCI) ( = 0.006), and leaf area index (LAI) ( = 0.002). TWW also produced a positive effect ( < 0.05) in all the photosynthetic efficiency parameters evaluated. Barley plants irrigated with TWW had lower stomatal density (SD) and area (SA) ( < 0.001) than plants irrigated with GW. Plants irrigated with TWW had a higher P concentration ( < 0.05) in stems and roots and K concentration in leaves than plants irrigated with GW. We concluded that the use of TWW induced important biochemical, physiological, and agronomic changes in barley plants. Hence, the use of TWW may be a sustainable alternative for barley production in arid and semi-arid regions. This study was part of a government project, which aimed to develop a new metropolitan irrigation district with TWW. This study may contribute to the sustainability of water resources and agricultural practices in northern Mexico.
处理后的废水（TWW）用于灌溉已引起全球关注，因为它可减少对地下水（GW）和地表水的压力。本研究旨在评估 TWW 对大麦植株农艺学、光合作用、气孔和营养特性的影响。大麦试验建立在两条带上：一条带用 GW 灌溉，另一条带用 TWW 灌溉。评估在播种后 25、40、60、90 和 115 天进行。结果表明，与 GW 灌溉相比，用 TWW 灌溉可使籽粒产量（ = 0.013）增加 54.3%，使草料产量增加 39.4%。此外，它还增加了株高（PH）（ = 0.013）、叶绿素浓度指数（CCI）（ = 0.006）和叶面积指数（LAI）（ = 0.002）。TWW 还对所有评估的光合作用效率参数产生了积极影响（ < 0.05）。用 TWW 灌溉的大麦植株的气孔密度（SD）和面积（SA）（ < 0.001）均低于用 GW 灌溉的植株。与用 GW 灌溉的植株相比，用 TWW 灌溉的大麦植株的茎和根中的 P 浓度和叶片中的 K 浓度更高（ < 0.05）。我们得出结论，TWW 的使用会引起大麦植株的重要生化、生理和农艺变化。因此，在干旱和半干旱地区，TWW 可能是大麦生产的可持续替代方案。本研究是政府项目的一部分，该项目旨在利用 TWW 开发一个新的大都市灌溉区。本研究可能有助于墨西哥北部水资源和农业实践的可持续性。
