Latorre Amparo, Domínguez-Santos Rebeca, García-Ferris Carlos, Gil Rosario
Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València/CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino, 9, 46980 Valencia, Spain.
Departament de Genètica, Universitat de València, Calle Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
Life (Basel). 2022 Feb 15;12(2):290. doi: 10.3390/life12020290.
Mutualistic stable symbioses are widespread in all groups of eukaryotes, especially in insects, where symbionts have played an essential role in their evolution. Many insects live in obligate relationship with different ecto- and endosymbiotic bacteria, which are needed to maintain their hosts' fitness in their natural environment, to the point of even relying on them for survival. The case of cockroaches (Blattodea) is paradigmatic, as both symbiotic systems coexist in the same organism in two separated compartments: an intracellular endosymbiont () inside bacteriocytes located in the fat body, and a rich and complex microbiota in the hindgut. The German cockroach is a good model for the study of symbiotic interactions, as it can be maintained in the laboratory in controlled populations, allowing the perturbations of the two symbiotic systems in order to study the communication and integration of the tripartite organization of the host-endosymbiont-microbiota, and to evaluate the role of symbiotic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in host control over their symbionts. The importance of cockroaches as reservoirs and transmission vectors of antibiotic resistance sequences, and their putative interest to search for AMPs to deal with the problem, is also discussed.
互利稳定共生在所有真核生物类群中广泛存在，尤其是在昆虫中，共生体在其进化过程中发挥了重要作用。许多昆虫与不同的外共生和内共生细菌存在专性共生关系，这些细菌对于维持宿主在自然环境中的健康至关重要，甚至到了依赖它们生存的程度。蟑螂（蜚蠊目）的情况具有代表性，因为两种共生系统在同一生物体的两个分离区室中共存：位于脂肪体中的含菌细胞内的细胞内共生体（ ），以及后肠中丰富而复杂的微生物群。德国小蠊是研究共生相互作用的良好模型，因为它可以在实验室中以受控种群的形式维持，从而能够对两种共生系统进行扰动，以研究宿主 - 内共生体 - 微生物群三方组织的通讯和整合，并评估共生抗菌肽（AMPs）在宿主控制其共生体中的作用。还讨论了蟑螂作为抗生素抗性序列的储存库和传播载体的重要性，以及它们在寻找应对该问题的抗菌肽方面的潜在价值。
