Sardo Emilia, Napolitano Stefania, Della Corte Carminia Maria, Ciardiello Davide, Raucci Antonio, Arrichiello Gianluca, Troiani Teresa, Ciardiello Fortunato, Martinelli Erika, Martini Giulia
Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
Oncologia Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
J Pers Med. 2022 Jan 18;12(2):128. doi: 10.3390/jpm12020128.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent tumours and one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Its incidence has increased in recent years and could be linked to unhealthy dietary habits combined with environmental and hereditary factors, which can lead to genetic and epigenetic changes and induce tumour development. The model of CRC progression has always been based on a genomic, parametric, static and complex approach involving oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. Recent advances in omics sciences have sought a paradigm shift to a multiparametric, immunological-stromal, and dynamic approach for a better understanding of carcinogenesis and tumour heterogeneity. In the present paper, we review the most important preclinical and clinical data and present recent discoveries in the field of transcriptomics, proteomics, metagenomics and radiomics in CRC disease.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球最常见的肿瘤之一，也是发病和死亡的主要原因之一。近年来其发病率有所上升，可能与不健康的饮食习惯以及环境和遗传因素有关，这些因素可导致基因和表观遗传变化并诱发肿瘤发展。CRC进展模型一直基于涉及癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因的基因组、参数化、静态且复杂的方法。组学科学的最新进展寻求向多参数、免疫-基质和动态方法的范式转变，以便更好地理解致癌作用和肿瘤异质性。在本文中，我们回顾了最重要的临床前和临床数据，并介绍了CRC疾病在转录组学、蛋白质组学、宏基因组学和放射组学领域的最新发现。
