Ataya Sabbah, Ahmed Mohamed M Z, El-Sayed Seleman Mohamed M, Hajlaoui Khalil, Latief Fahamsyah H, Soliman Ahmed M, Elshaghoul Yousef G Y, Habba Mohamed I A
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43512, Egypt.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Feb 14;15(4):1394. doi: 10.3390/ma15041394.
In the current study, a 2 mm thick low-carbon steel sheet (A283M-Grade C) was joined with a brass sheet (CuZn40) of 1 mm thickness using friction stir spot welding (FSSW). Different welding parameters including rotational speeds of 1000, 1250, and 1500 rpm, and dwell times of 5, 10, 20, and 30 s were applied to explore the effective range of parameters to have FSSW joints with high load-carrying capacity. The joint quality of the friction stir spot-welded (FSSWed) dissimilar materials was evaluated via visual examination, tensile lap shear test, hardness test, and macro- and microstructural investigation using SEM. Moreover, EDS analysis was applied to examine the mixing at the interfaces of the dissimilar materials. Heat input calculation for the FSSW of steel-brass was found to be linearly proportional with the number of revolutions per spot joint, with maximum heat input obtained of 11 kJ at the number of revolutions of 500. The temperature measurement during FSSW showed agreement with the heat input dependence on the number of revolution. However, at the same revolutions of 500, it was found that the higher rotation speed of 1500 rpm resulted in higher temperature of 583 °C compared to 535 °C at rotation speed of 1000 rpm. This implies the significant effect for the rotation speed in the increase of temperature. The macro investigations of the friction stir spot-welded joints transverse sections showed sound joints at the different investigated parameters with significant joint ligament between the steel and brass. FSSW of steel/brass joints with a number of revolutions ranging between 250 to 500 revolutions per spot at appropriate tool speed range (1000-1500 rpm) produces joints with high load-carrying capacity from 4 kN to 7.5 kN. The hardness showed an increase in the carbon steel (lower sheet) with maximum of 248 HV and an increase of brass hardness at mixed interface between brass and steel with significant reduction in the stir zone hardness. Microstructural investigation of the joint zone showed mechanical mixing between steel and brass with the steel extruded from the lower sheet into the upper brass sheet.
在当前研究中，使用搅拌摩擦点焊（FSSW）将一块2毫米厚的低碳钢板（A283M - C级）与一块1毫米厚的黄铜板（CuZn40）连接在一起。应用了不同的焊接参数，包括1000、1250和1500转/分钟的转速，以及5、10、20和30秒的保压时间，以探索获得具有高承载能力的搅拌摩擦点焊接头的有效参数范围。通过目视检查、拉伸搭接剪切试验、硬度测试以及使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）进行宏观和微观结构研究，来评估搅拌摩擦点焊（FSSWed）异种材料的接头质量。此外，应用能谱分析（EDS）来检查异种材料界面处的混合情况。发现钢 - 黄铜搅拌摩擦点焊的热输入与每个点焊接头的转数呈线性比例关系，在转数为500时获得的最大热输入为11千焦。搅拌摩擦点焊过程中的温度测量结果与热输入对转数的依赖性相符。然而，在相同的500转数下，发现1500转/分钟的较高转速导致温度为583℃，相比之下，1000转/分钟转速下的温度为535℃。这意味着转速对温度升高有显著影响。搅拌摩擦点焊接头横截面的宏观研究表明，在不同的研究参数下接头质量良好，钢和黄铜之间有明显的接头连接带。在适当的工具速度范围（1000 - 1500转/分钟）内，每个点焊的转数在250至
