Korkalo Pasi, Hagner Marleena, Jänis Janne, Mäkinen Marko, Kaseva Janne, Lassi Ulla, Rasa Kimmo, Jyske Tuula
Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Rovaniemi, Finland.
Natural Resources, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland.
Front Chem. 2022 Feb 8;9:821806. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2021.821806. eCollection 2021.
The pyroligneous acids (PAs) of woody biomass produced by torrefaction have pesticidal properties. Thus, PAs are potential alternatives to synthetic plant protection chemicals. Although woody biomass is a renewable feedstock, its use must be efficient. The efficiency of biomass utilization can be improved by applying a cascading use principle. This study is novel because we evaluate for the first time the pesticidal potential of PAs derived from the bark of hybrid aspen ( L. × Michx.) and examine simultaneously how the production of the PAs can be interlinked with the cascade processing of hybrid aspen biomass. Hybrid aspen bark contains valuable extractives that can be separated before the hemicellulose is thermochemically converted into plant protection chemicals. We developed a cascade processing scheme, where these extractives were first extracted from the bark with hot water (HWE) or with hot water and alkaline alcohol (HWE+AAE) prior to their conversion into PAs by torrefaction. The herbicidal performance of PAs was tested using as the test species, and the fungicidal performance was proven using . The pesticidal activities were compared to those of the PAs of debarked wood and of commercial pesticides. According to the results, extractives can be separated from the bark without overtly diminishing the weed and fungal growth inhibitor performance of the produced PAs. The HWE of the bark before its conversion into PAs appeared to have an enhancing effect on the herbicidal activity. In contrast, HWE+AAE lowered the growth inhibition performance of PAs against both the weeds and fungi. This study shows that hybrid aspen is a viable feedstock for the production of herbicidal and fungicidal active chemicals, and it is possible to utilize biomass according to the cascading use principle.
通过烘焙产生的木质生物质的焦木酸（PAs）具有杀虫特性。因此，PAs是合成植物保护化学品的潜在替代品。尽管木质生物质是一种可再生原料，但其使用必须高效。通过应用级联使用原则可以提高生物质利用效率。本研究具有创新性，因为我们首次评估了源自杂交白杨（L.×Michx.）树皮的PAs的杀虫潜力，并同时研究了PAs的生产如何与杂交白杨生物质的级联加工相互关联。杂交白杨树皮含有有价值的提取物，这些提取物可以在半纤维素被热化学转化为植物保护化学品之前分离出来。我们开发了一种级联加工方案，在这些提取物通过烘焙转化为PAs之前，先用热水（HWE）或热水和碱性醇（HWE+AAE）从树皮中提取。使用作为测试物种测试了PAs的除草性能，使用证明了其杀菌性能。将杀虫活性与去皮木材的PAs和商业杀虫剂的杀虫活性进行了比较。根据结果，提取物可以从树皮中分离出来，而不会明显降低所生产PAs的除草和真菌生长抑制性能。树皮在转化为PAs之前进行HWE处理似乎对除草活性有增强作用。相比之下，HWE+AAE降低了PAs对杂草和真菌的生长抑制性能。本研究表明，杂交白杨是生产除草和杀菌活性化学品的可行原料，并且可以根据级联使用原则利用生物质。
