Salam Mir Md Abdus, Ruhui Wen, Sinkkonen Aki, Pappinen Ari, Pulkkinen Pertti
School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 80100 Joensuu, Finland.
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 80100 Joensuu, Finland.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 28;11(15):1970. doi: 10.3390/plants11151970.
This study was conducted to assess the survival rates, growth, and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) of four hybrid aspen (14, 191, 27, 291) and two European aspen (R3 and R4) clones cultivated in creosote- and diesel oil-contaminated soil treatments under three different plant densities: one plant per pot (low density), two plants per pot (medium density), and six plants per pot (high density) over a period of two years and three months. Evaluating the survival, growth, and Fv/Fm values of different plants is a prerequisite for phytoremediation to remediate polluted soils for ecological restoration and soil health. The results revealed that contaminated soils affected all plants’ survival rates and growth. However, plants grown in the creosote-contaminated soil displayed a 99% survival rate, whereas plants cultivated in the diesel-contaminated soil showed a 22−59% survival rate. Low plant density resulted in a higher survival rate and growth than in the other two density treatments. In contrast, the medium- and high-density treatments did not affect the plant survival rate and growth to a greater extent, particularly in contaminated soil treatments. The effects of clonal variation on the survival rate, growth, and Fv/Fm values were evident in all treatments. The results suggested that hybrid aspen clones 14 and 291, and European aspen clone R3 were suitable candidates for the phytoremediation experiment, as they demonstrated reasonable survival rates, growth, and Fv/Fm values across all treatments. A superior survival rate for clone 291, height and diameter growth, and stem dry biomass production for clone 14 were observed in all soil treatments. Overall, a reasonable survival rate (~75%) and Fv/Fm value (>0.75) for all plants in all treatments, indicating European aspen and hybrid aspen have considerable potential for phytoremediation experiments. As the experiment was set up for a limited period, this study deserves further research to verify the growth potential of different hybrid aspen and European aspen clones in different soil and density treatment for the effective phytoremediation process to remediate the contaminated soil.
本研究旨在评估四个杂交白杨（14、191、27、291）和两个欧洲山杨（R3和R4）无性系在受杂酚油和柴油污染的土壤处理中，于三种不同种植密度下（每盆一株（低密度）、每盆两株（中密度）和每盆六株（高密度）），历经两年零三个月的存活率、生长情况及叶绿素荧光（Fv/Fm）。评估不同植物的存活率、生长情况及Fv/Fm值是植物修复以修复污染土壤实现生态恢复和土壤健康的先决条件。结果表明，污染土壤影响了所有植物的存活率和生长。然而，生长在受杂酚油污染土壤中的植物存活率为99%，而生长在受柴油污染土壤中的植物存活率为22% - 59%。低种植密度下的植物存活率和生长情况高于其他两种密度处理。相比之下，中密度和高密度处理对植物存活率和生长的影响程度较小，尤其是在污染土壤处理中。克隆变异对存活率、生长情况及Fv/Fm值的影响在所有处理中均很明显。结果表明，杂交白杨无性系14和291以及欧洲山杨无性系R3是植物修复实验的合适候选者，因为它们在所有处理中均表现出合理的存活率、生长情况及Fv/Fm值。在所有土壤处理中均观察到无性系291的存活率较高，无性系14的高度和直径生长以及茎干生物量产量较高。总体而言，所有处理中所有植物的存活率合理（约75%）且Fv/Fm值大于0.75，表明欧洲山杨和杂交白杨在植物修复实验中有相当大的潜力。由于实验设置时间有限，本研究值得进一步开展，以验证不同杂交白杨和欧洲山杨无性系在不同土壤和密度处理下的生长潜力，从而实现有效修复污染土壤的植物修复过程。
