Zhang Haiguang, Lei Xu, Hu Qingxi, Wu Shichao, Aburaia Mohamed, Gonzalez-Gutierrez Joamin, Lammer Herfried
Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, Mechatronic Engineering and Automation of Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Feb 20;14(4):819. doi: 10.3390/polym14040819.
The most widely used 3D process, fused deposition modeling (FDM), has insufficient interlayer adhesion due to its layer-by-layer forming method. A support material is also essential for the hollow parts and cantilevers. Moreover, the polymer materials used have limited mechanical properties. These issues have restricted the application of FDM in high-performance fields. Continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTPCs) have high mechanical properties and have recently become the focus of research in the field of 3D printing. This paper, using pipe parts as an example, proposes a hybrid of pure polymer (pure PLA used) and CFRTPC (flax fiber pre-impregnated filament) material to develop a printing method based on the outstanding mechanical properties of CFRTPC material. After studying the printing path planning algorithm, the CFRTPC filament is laid along the axial and radial directions on the surface of the polymer base to improve the printed parts' properties. The method feasibility and algorithm accuracy are verified through the development of five-axis printing equipment with a double nozzle. Through the printed sample's tensile, compression and bending tests, the results show that the tensile, compressive and bending properties of PLA pipe can be significantly enhanced by laying CFRTPC filament along the axial and radial directions of the pipe. To summarize, the introduction of CFRTPCs greatly improved the mechanical properties of the printed parts, and the implementation of our method provides an effective way to solve the defects of the FDM process.
应用最广泛的3D打印工艺——熔融沉积成型（FDM），由于其逐层成型的方式，层间附着力不足。对于中空部件和悬臂结构，支撑材料也是必不可少的。此外，所使用的聚合物材料机械性能有限。这些问题限制了FDM在高性能领域的应用。连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料（CFRTPC）具有较高的机械性能，最近成为3D打印领域的研究热点。本文以管件为例，提出一种纯聚合物（使用纯聚乳酸）与CFRTPC（亚麻纤维预浸长丝）材料的混合方式，基于CFRTPC材料优异的机械性能开发一种打印方法。在研究打印路径规划算法后，将CFRTPC长丝沿轴向和径向铺设在聚合物基体表面，以改善打印部件的性能。通过开发具有双喷嘴的五轴打印设备，验证了该方法的可行性和算法的准确性。通过对打印样品进行拉伸、压缩和弯曲试验，结果表明，沿管件的轴向和径向铺设CFRTPC长丝，可显著提高聚乳酸管件的拉伸、压缩和弯曲性能。总之，CFRTPC的引入大大提高了打印部件的机械性能，我们方法的实施为解决FDM工艺的缺陷提供了一种有效途径。
