Office of Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2022 Mar;182:182-191. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.022. Epub 2022 Feb 24.
Professor Bruce Ames demonstrated that nutritional recommendations should be adjusted in order to 'tune-up' metabolism and reduce mitochondria decay, a hallmark of aging and many disease processes. A major subset of tunable nutrients are the minerals, which despite being integral to every aspect of metabolism are often deficient in the typical Western diet. Mitochondria are particularly rich in minerals, where they function as essential cofactors for mitochondrial physiology and overall cellular health. Yet substantial knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of the form and function of these minerals needed for metabolic harmony. Some of the minerals have known activities in the mitochondria but with incomplete regulatory detail, whereas other minerals have no established mitochondrial function at all. A comprehensive metallome of the mitochondria is needed to fully understand the patterns and relationships of minerals within metabolic processes and cellular development. This brief overview serves to highlight the current progress towards understanding mineral homeostasis in the mitochondria and to encourage more research activity in key areas. Future work may likely reveal that adjusting the amounts of specific nutritional minerals has longevity benefits for human health.
布鲁斯·艾姆斯教授证明，为了“调整”新陈代谢并减少线粒体衰退，应该调整营养建议，线粒体衰退是衰老和许多疾病过程的标志。可调节营养素的一个主要亚组是矿物质，尽管它们是新陈代谢各个方面的组成部分，但在典型的西方饮食中往往缺乏矿物质。线粒体富含矿物质，它们在作为线粒体生理学和整体细胞健康的必需辅助因子方面发挥作用。然而，我们对代谢和谐所需的这些矿物质的形式和功能的理解仍存在很大的知识差距。一些矿物质在线粒体中有已知的活性，但调节细节不完整，而其他矿物质根本没有确定的线粒体功能。需要对线粒体进行全面的金属组学分析，才能充分了解代谢过程和细胞发育中矿物质的模式和关系。这篇简要的综述旨在突出目前在理解线粒体中矿物质动态平衡方面的进展，并鼓励在关键领域开展更多的研究活动。未来的工作可能表明，调整特定营养矿物质的含量对人类健康的长寿有益。
