University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada.
University of Ottawa, Department of Otolaryngology, Ottawa, Canada.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Apr;155:111083. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111083. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has received increased attention in recent years and has many applications. In the field of otolaryngology surgery, 3D-printed models have shown potential educational value and a high fidelity to actual tissues. This provides an opportunity for trainees to gain additional exposure, especially as conventional educational tools, such as cadavers, are expensive and in limited supply. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the uses of 3D-printing in otolaryngology education. The primary outcomes of investigation were surgical utility, anatomical similarity, and educational value of 3D-printed models. Secondary outcomes of interest included country of implementation, 3D-printer materials and costs, types of surgical simulators, and the levels of training of participants.
MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar and previous reviews were searched from inception until June 2021 for eligible articles. Title, abstract, and data extraction were performed in duplicate. Data were analyzed using random-effects models. The National Institute of Health Quality Assessment Tool was used to rate the quality of the evidence.
A total of 570 abstracts were identified and screened by 2 independent reviewers. Of the 274 articles reviewed in full text, 46 articles met the study criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Surgical skill utility was reported in 42 studies (563 participants) and had a high degree of acceptance (84.8%, 95% CI: 81.1%-88.4%). The anatomical similarity was reported in 39 studies (484 participants) and was received positively at 80.6% (95% CI: 77.0%-84.2%). Educational value was described in 36 studies (93 participants) and had the highest approval rating by participants at 90.04% (87.20%-92.88%). A subgroup analysis by year of publication demonstrated that studies published after 2015 had higher ratings across all outcomes compared to those published prior to 2015.
This study found that 3D-printing interventions in otolaryngology demonstrated surgical, anatomical, and educational value. In addition, the approval ratings of 3D-printed models indicate a positive trend over time. Future educational programs may consider implementing 3D-printing on a larger scale within the medical curriculum to enhance exposure to otolaryngology.
近年来，三维（3D）打印技术受到了越来越多的关注，并且具有许多应用。在耳鼻喉科手术领域，3D 打印模型已经显示出了潜在的教育价值，并且与实际组织具有高度的相似性。这为学员提供了更多的实践机会，尤其是在传统的教育工具（如尸体）昂贵且供应有限的情况下。本研究旨在对 3D 打印在耳鼻喉科教育中的应用进行荟萃分析。主要研究结果为 3D 打印模型的手术实用性、解剖相似性和教育价值。次要研究结果包括实施的国家、3D 打印机材料和成本、手术模拟器的类型以及参与者的培训水平。
从建库开始至 2021 年 6 月，在 MEDLINE、Embase、Web of Science、Google Scholar 和以前的综述中搜索了符合条件的文章。由两名独立的评审员对标题、摘要和数据进行提取。使用随机效应模型对数据进行分析。采用美国国立卫生研究院质量评估工具对证据质量进行评分。
共确定了 570 篇摘要，并由 2 名独立评审员进行了筛选。在对 274 篇全文进行评估后，有 46 篇文章符合研究标准并纳入荟萃分析。有 42 项研究（563 名参与者）报告了手术技能的实用性，其接受度很高（84.8%，95%CI：81.1%-88.4%）。有 39 项研究（484 名参与者）报告了解剖相似性，且得到了 80.6%（95%CI：77.0%-84.2%）的积极评价。有 36 项研究（93 名参与者）描述了教育价值，参与者的最高满意度为 90.04%（87.20%-92.88%）。根据发表年份的亚组分析表明，与发表于 2015 年之前的研究相比，发表于 2015 年之后的研究在所有结果中的评分更高。
本研究发现，耳鼻喉科的 3D 打印干预措施具有手术、解剖和教育价值。此外，3D 打印模型的认可率表明其呈正向发展趋势。未来的教育项目可以考虑在更大范围内将 3D 打印纳入医学课程，以增加耳鼻喉科的实践机会。
