Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Ninghai First Hospital, Ninghai, Zhejiang 315600, China.
Discov Med. 2021 Jul-Aug;32(165):13-22.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and also the main cause of visual impairment or even blindness in diabetic patients. Retinal fibrosis is the leading character of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, which often brings about diabetic tractional retinal detachment. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1) is the most extensively studied nuclear enzyme of the PARP superfamily, which controls major functions on chromatin, DNA damage repair, and transcriptional regulation. In diabetes, elevated PARP-1 levels were observed in the retina, and inhibition of PARP-1 activity blocks the development of diabetic complications, including neuropathy and retinopathy. More recent studies have shown that PARP-1 might be used as therapeutic biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy. Moreover, mechanistically, studies have revealed the associations between PARP-1 and fibrosis of diabetic nephropathy. Taken together, PARP-1 can be regarded as a therapeutic target not only for diabetic retinopathy, but also for a variety of diabetic retinopathy complications. In the current review, we investigated the recent literature on the roles of PARP-1 in diabetic retinopathy and its potential applications in diabetic diagnosis and prognosis for purpose of developing new strategies for intervention in the diabetic retinopathy.
糖尿病性视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病最常见的微血管并发症，也是糖尿病患者视力损害甚至失明的主要原因。视网膜纤维化是增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变的主要特征，常导致糖尿病牵引性视网膜脱离。多聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶-1（PARP-1）是 PARP 超家族中研究最广泛的核酶，它控制着染色质、DNA 损伤修复和转录调控的主要功能。在糖尿病中，视网膜中观察到 PARP-1 水平升高，抑制 PARP-1 活性可阻止包括神经病变和视网膜病变在内的糖尿病并发症的发展。最近的研究表明，PARP-1 可作为糖尿病性视网膜病变的治疗性生物标志物。此外，从机制上讲，研究揭示了 PARP-1 与糖尿病肾病纤维化之间的关联。综上所述，PARP-1 不仅可以作为糖尿病性视网膜病变的治疗靶点，也可以作为多种糖尿病性视网膜病变并发症的治疗靶点。在本综述中，我们研究了 PARP-1 在糖尿病性视网膜病变中的作用及其在糖尿病诊断和预后中的潜在应用，旨在为开发糖尿病性视网膜病变的干预新策略提供依据。
