较低的膳食钙摄入量与韩国成年人的死亡风险增加相关。

Lower Dietary Calcium Intake is Associated with a Higher Risk of Mortality in Korean Adults.

机构信息

Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University Seoul, Republic of Korea.

出版信息

J Acad Nutr Diet. 2022 Nov;122(11):2072-2086. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.02.012. Epub 2022 Feb 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.jand.2022.02.012

PMID:35219919

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Calcium, one of the most abundant minerals in the human body, has a pivotal role in human physiology. However, only a few studies have examined the association of dietary calcium intake with mortality in a population with low calcium intake.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine the association of dietary calcium intake with risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among Korean adults with low calcium intake.

DESIGN

This study was a prospective cohort study.

PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: The analysis was conducted using data from 44,327 eligible Korean adults aged 19 years and older who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2015. Dietary calcium intake was assessed using 1-day 24-hour recall data.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

The main outcomes of this study were mortality from all causes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and all other causes combined. The outcome was ascertained through linkage to the death registry compiled by Statistics Korea with the use of the resident registration number.

STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED

Weighted Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios and 95% CIs of the all-cause and cause-specific mortality according to dietary calcium intake.

RESULTS

During a mean follow-up of 7.28 person-years, 1,889 deaths were ascertained. After multivariable adjustment, the hazard ratios for all-cause mortality for the second quintile to the highest quintile of dietary calcium intake, respectively, compared with the first quintile were 0.86 (95% CI 0.73 to 1.00), 0.82 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.98), 0.85 (95% CI 0.69 to 1.03), and 0.78 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.96) (P for trend from the lowest to the highest quintile = .04). There were no statistically significant associations between dietary calcium intake and risk of mortality from cancer, cardiovascular, or respiratory disease.

CONCLUSIONS

In this large prospective cohort study of Korean adults, lower dietary calcium intake was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality.

摘要

背景

钙是人体中含量最丰富的矿物质之一，在人体生理学中起着关键作用。然而，只有少数研究调查了低钙摄入人群中膳食钙摄入量与死亡率之间的关系。

目的

本研究旨在调查低钙摄入的韩国成年人中膳食钙摄入量与全因和特定原因死亡率风险之间的关系。

设计

这是一项前瞻性队列研究。

参与者/设置：使用参加 2007-2015 年韩国国家健康和营养调查的 44327 名年龄在 19 岁及以上的合格韩国成年人的数据进行分析。膳食钙摄入量使用 1 天 24 小时回顾数据进行评估。

主要观察指标

本研究的主要结局是全因、癌症、心血管疾病、呼吸道疾病和所有其他原因的死亡率。通过使用居民登记号码与韩国统计局编制的死亡登记处进行链接来确定结局。

统计分析

使用加权 Cox 比例风险模型估计根据膳食钙摄入量的全因和特定原因死亡率的风险比和 95%置信区间。

结果

在平均 7.28 人年的随访期间，确定了 1889 例死亡。经过多变量调整后，膳食钙摄入量第二至最高五分位组与第一五分位组相比，全因死亡率的风险比分别为 0.86（95%CI 0.73 至 1.00）、0.82（95%CI 0.69 至 0.98）、0.85（95%CI 0.69 至 1.03）和 0.78（95%CI 0.64 至 0.96）（从最低到最高五分位组的趋势检验 P=0.04）。膳食钙摄入量与癌症、心血管或呼吸道疾病死亡率之间没有统计学显著关联。