Sun Andrew, Sun Jeffrey, Sun Cheuk-Kay
Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Case Rep Gastroenterol. 2022 Jan 10;16(1):1-7. doi: 10.1159/000520624. eCollection 2022 Jan-Apr.
Gastric hemangiomas (GHs) are extremely rare vascular lesions of mesodermal origin that may occur in isolation or in conjunction with underlying congenital pathology. Due to the scarcity of these tumors, there is no standardized diagnostic method; however, many have found the combination of endoscopic investigation and radiographic imaging to be most effective, with the presence of phleboliths on computerized tomography as being pathognomonic for GHs. Surgical treatment for symptomatic lesions is curative with no reports of recurrence. We describe a 21-year-old woman who presented with epigastric pain and one episode of 250 mL hematemesis earlier that morning. Under the impression of an upper gastrointestinal bleed due to peptic ulcer disease, esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed which revealed a 5-cm blood clot-like mass similar in appearance to that of a II-b peptic ulcer, but the presence of a bridging fold led to the suspicion of a possible submucosal tumor. Dynamic computerized tomography scan showed similar findings, and the patient was referred for surgical intervention. Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy was performed with the final diagnosis of cavernous GH made via histological evaluation. The patient was discharged 9 days later with no complications. This case puts emphasis on the importance of considering cavernous GH as a potential cause of severe upper GI bleeding especially in those with atypical demographic profile and history.
胃血管瘤(GHs)是极为罕见的中胚层来源的血管病变,可孤立发生或与潜在的先天性病理状况并存。由于这些肿瘤罕见,尚无标准化的诊断方法;然而,许多人发现内镜检查和影像学检查相结合最为有效,计算机断层扫描上出现静脉石对胃血管瘤具有诊断意义。有症状病变的手术治疗具有治愈性,尚无复发报告。我们描述了一名21岁女性,她出现上腹部疼痛,当天上午早些时候有一次250毫升的呕血。在消化性溃疡病导致上消化道出血的印象下,进行了食管胃十二指肠镜检查,发现一个5厘米的血凝块样肿物,外观类似于II - b型消化性溃疡,但存在桥状皱襞导致怀疑可能是黏膜下肿瘤。动态计算机断层扫描显示了类似结果,患者被转诊进行手术干预。通过组织学评估最终诊断为海绵状胃血管瘤后,进行了腹腔镜远端胃切除术。患者9天后出院,无并发症。该病例强调了将海绵状胃血管瘤视为严重上消化道出血潜在原因的重要性,尤其是在那些人口统计学特征和病史不典型的患者中。