Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA, USA.
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2023 Feb;29(2):159-171. doi: 10.1017/S1355617722000078. Epub 2022 Feb 28.
Personal beliefs about memory ability, which comprise memory self-efficacy (MSE), can influence memory performance in healthy older adults. Self-efficacy theory also predicts that MSE biases self-perceptions of functioning more globally, potentially impacting daily activity beyond cognitive performance. People with traumatic brain injury (PwTBI) frequently report debilitating memory problems long after acute recovery, but little is known about how MSE affects health outcomes in this population. We examined demographic and clinical correlates of MSE, as well as its relationship to memory test performance and health-related quality of life (QOL), in older adults with chronic moderate-to-severe TBI (msTBI).
One hundred fourteen adults, aged 50+ and at least 1 year post-msTBI, underwent neuropsychological testing to assess their memory functioning. Participants also self-reported levels of psychological distress, MSE (Cognitive Confidence subscale of the ), and health-related QOL ( questionnaire).
Demographic and injury-related predictors showed weak correlations with MSE. Although the relationship between MSE and general psychological distress was robust, only the former significantly predicted memory performance. Bivariate analyses revealed significant relationships between MSE and five out of the six QOL domains assessed. Multivariate linear regression revealed a significant impact of MSE on overall QOL independent of demographic and clinical variables.
Our findings support a unique role for MSE in both the objective cognitive performance and subjective health of PwTBI. Increased focus on self-perceptions of ability and their impact on measured outcomes is an important step towards personalized rehabilitation for adults with chronic msTBI.
个人对记忆能力的信念，包括记忆自我效能感（MSE），可以影响健康老年人的记忆表现。自我效能理论还预测，MSE 会更广泛地影响对功能的自我感知，从而潜在地影响认知表现之外的日常活动。创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者在急性恢复期后经常会长期报告严重的记忆问题，但人们对 MSE 如何影响这一人群的健康结果知之甚少。我们研究了慢性中重度 TBI（msTBI）老年人中 MSE 的人口统计学和临床相关性，以及其与记忆测试表现和与健康相关的生活质量（QOL）的关系。
114 名年龄在 50 岁以上且至少在 msTBI 后 1 年的成年人接受了神经心理测试，以评估他们的记忆功能。参与者还自我报告了心理困扰程度、MSE（Cognitive Confidence 子量表 of the）和与健康相关的 QOL（MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey）。
人口统计学和损伤相关的预测因素与 MSE 呈弱相关。尽管 MSE 与一般心理困扰之间的关系是稳健的，但只有前者显著预测了记忆表现。双变量分析显示 MSE 与评估的六个 QOL 领域中的五个存在显著关系。多元线性回归显示，MSE 对整体 QOL 有显著影响，独立于人口统计学和临床变量。
我们的发现支持 MSE 在 TBI 患者的客观认知表现和主观健康方面的独特作用。更加关注自我感知能力及其对测量结果的影响，是针对慢性 msTBI 成年人进行个性化康复的重要一步。
