Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Department of Oral Pathology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2022 Feb 1;23(2):467-473. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.2.467.
The objective of this study was to determine the Immunohistochemical expression of PD- 1, PD-L1 and its association with nodal metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
A total of 66 cases were studied at Oral pathology/Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi. The tissue sampling and processing yielded the formalin fixed, paraffin wax blocks. These blocks were cut into the thin sections (5 microns) by the microtome and then were mounted on the glass slides. This was followed by the routine H&E staining and then IHC staining (PD-1 and PD-L1) of these tissues mounted slides. For each case a definitive histological diagnosis was made. The two types of variables were analyzed. For qualitative variables frequencies and percentages were calculated whereas for quantitative variables means and standard deviations were analyzed. The Chi-square test then was applied to evaluate the significant difference and p-value of ≤0.05 was taken significant.
This study was conducted at Histology department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi over a period of one year from June 2019 to June 2020. It revealed male and female patients with 66.7% (44 Cases) and 33.3% (22cases) percentages respectively. The mean age was found to be 59.53 ± 13.637 (mean ± SD) and the mandible (37.9%) was the most commonly affected site. In total of 66 cases, 48 (72.7%) cases with metastasis of lymph nodes were presented. Out of 66 cases ,47 (71.2%) cases showed positive expression of PD-1 in the TILs seen among the primary tumor of the specimens, whereas, 40 (60.6%) cases showed positive PD-L1 expression in tumor cells of primary tumor.In comparison, as out of 66 cases ,48 (72.5%) cases showed lymph nodes metastasis, out of which 45 showed positive expression for PD-1 and 25 out of those 48 cases showed positive expression for PD-L1 in metastatic lymph nodes.The p-value turned to be significant for PD-1 IHC expression and PD-L1 IHC expression in the primary tumorand metastatic lymph nodes.
A significant correlation was inferred among IHC expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 with lymph nodes metastasis. Accurate evaluation, analysis and precise management with aid of IHC markers results in initial and timely diagnosis and favorable treatment outcomes helping in the evaluation of disease course at preliminary diagnosis on incisional biopsies.
本研究旨在确定 PD-1、PD-L1 的免疫组织化学表达及其与头颈部鳞状细胞癌淋巴结转移的关系。
在武装部队病理学研究所（AFIP）口腔病理学/组织病理学共研究了 66 例病例。组织取样和处理产生了福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋块。这些块通过切片机切成 5 微米的薄片，然后安装在载玻片上。然后对这些组织载玻片进行常规的 H&E 染色和免疫组织化学染色（PD-1 和 PD-L1）。对每个病例都做出明确的组织学诊断。分析了两种类型的变量。对于定性变量，计算了频率和百分比，而对于定量变量，分析了均值和标准差。然后应用卡方检验评估显著性差异，p 值≤0.05 被认为具有显著性。
本研究在 2019 年 6 月至 2020 年 6 月期间在拉瓦尔品第武装部队病理学研究所的组织学系进行。结果显示，男性和女性患者分别占 66.7%（44 例）和 33.3%（22 例）。平均年龄为 59.53±13.637（均值±标准差），下颌骨（37.9%）是最常受累的部位。在 66 例患者中，有 48 例（72.7%）患者出现淋巴结转移。在 66 例患者中，有 47 例（71.2%）患者在标本原发肿瘤的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞中显示 PD-1 阳性表达，而 40 例（60.6%）患者在原发肿瘤的肿瘤细胞中显示 PD-L1 阳性表达。相比之下，在 66 例患者中，有 48 例（72.5%）患者出现淋巴结转移，其中 45 例在转移性淋巴结中显示 PD-1 阳性表达，而在这 48 例中，有 25 例显示 PD-L1 阳性表达。PD-1 免疫组织化学表达和转移性淋巴结中的 PD-L1 免疫组织化学表达的 p 值具有显著性。
PD-1 和 PD-L1 的免疫组织化学表达与淋巴结转移之间存在显著相关性。借助免疫组织化学标志物进行准确评估、分析和精确管理，可在初步诊断时进行初始和及时诊断，并获得有利的治疗结果，有助于在切取活检时评估疾病过程。
