小儿（0-5 岁）先天性眼部畸形的临床特征及其与各种人口统计学参数的关系。

Clinical patterns of congenital ocular anomalies in the pediatric age group (0 to 5 years) and its association with various demographic parameters.

机构信息

Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Department of Ophthalmology, Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla, Odisha, India.

出版信息

Indian J Ophthalmol. 2022 Mar;70(3):944-947. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1862_21.

DOI:10.4103/ijo.IJO_1862_21

PMID:35225547

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9114588/

Abstract

PURPOSE

Congenital ocular anomalies are rare but important cause of childhood blindness. This study aimed to observe the clinical patterns of congenital ocular anomalies in the pediatric age group (0 to 5 years) and its association with various demographic parameters.

METHODS

Hospital-based cross-sectional study done on all pediatric patients in the 0-to-5-year age group presenting with congenital ocular anomalies to the Ophthalmology department of a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India between October 2018 and October 2020. Thorough clinical history was obtained, and comprehensive ocular examination was done in each case.

RESULTS

A total of 5686 patients in the 0 to 5 years age group attended the eye OPD during the study period. Congenital ocular anomalies were seen in 140 patients. The prevalence of ocular anomalies was 2.46%. Average age of patients was 3.32 ± 1.42 years. There were 74 (52.9%) males and 66 (47.1%) females. Unilateral and bilateral involvement was seen in 100 (71.45%) and 40 (28.6%) cases, respectively. Antenatal period was uneventful in 92.14% cases. Decreased vision was the most common presentation (40%). Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction was the most common anomaly seen in 29 (20.71%) cases followed by congenital cataract in 21 (15%) cases.

CONCLUSION

Few of the congenital ocular anomalies can be prevented by increasing community awareness. Findings of the study can act as a reference guide for clinicians and health professionals for counseling and health planning.

摘要

目的

先天性眼部异常是儿童失明的罕见但重要原因。本研究旨在观察儿科（0 至 5 岁）年龄段先天性眼部异常的临床特征及其与各种人口统计学参数的关系。

方法

在 2018 年 10 月至 2020 年 10 月期间，对在印度东部一家三级保健医院眼科就诊的 0 至 5 岁先天性眼部异常的儿科患者进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。详细采集了临床病史，并对每位患者进行了全面的眼部检查。

结果

在研究期间，0 至 5 岁年龄组共有 5686 名患者到眼科门诊就诊。在 140 名患者中发现了先天性眼部异常。眼部异常的患病率为 2.46%。患者的平均年龄为 3.32 ± 1.42 岁。男性 74 例（52.9%），女性 66 例（47.1%）。单侧和双侧受累分别为 100 例（71.45%）和 40 例（28.6%）。92.14%的病例产前无异常。视力下降是最常见的表现（40%）。先天性鼻泪管阻塞是最常见的异常，有 29 例（20.71%），其次是先天性白内障，有 21 例（15%）。