[Congenital ocular anomalies at the University Hospital Campus in Lomé, Togo].

INTRODUCTION

congenital ocular anomalies are rare clinical entities. The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiological and clinical features of congenital ocular anomalies at the University Hospital Campus in Lomé.

METHODS

we conducted a retrospective study at the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital Campus in Lomé, over a 3-year period, from January 2016 to December 2018. It involved children with congenital ocular anomalies. The study variables were: sex; age at diagnosis; type of congenital ocular anomalies; laterality.

RESULTS

out of 2621 children assessed during the study period, 103 (3.9%) had congenital ocular anomalies. Of these, 60 (58.2%) were boys and 43 (41.8%) girls. The average age at diagnosis was 16 ± 5.2 months (ranging from 1 months to 5 years). The most common congenital ocular anomaly was cataract (53.4%). Unilateral alterations were predominant (56.3%). Congenital ocular anomalies were isolated (82.5%); associated with systemic anomalies (11.7%); associated with each other (5.8%).

CONCLUSION

these results show that the epidemiological and clinical features of congenital ocular anomalies are similar to those reported in the literature. However, in our Hospital, the frequency of congenital ocular anomalies and patients' age at diagnosis are high. Early diagnosis is essential to ensure adequate management and preserve visual function.