Diatewa Bénédicte Marèbe, Maneh Nidain, Domingo Aboubakr Sidik, Gnansa Koboyo Esso-Issinam, Ayikoue Yannick Francis Amah, Balo Komi Patrice
Service d´Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Campus de Lomé, Lomé, Togo.
Université de Lomé, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Lomé, Togo.
Pan Afr Med J. 2021 Jan 22;38:79. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.79.21757. eCollection 2021.
congenital ocular anomalies are rare clinical entities. The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiological and clinical features of congenital ocular anomalies at the University Hospital Campus in Lomé.
we conducted a retrospective study at the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital Campus in Lomé, over a 3-year period, from January 2016 to December 2018. It involved children with congenital ocular anomalies. The study variables were: sex; age at diagnosis; type of congenital ocular anomalies; laterality.
out of 2621 children assessed during the study period, 103 (3.9%) had congenital ocular anomalies. Of these, 60 (58.2%) were boys and 43 (41.8%) girls. The average age at diagnosis was 16 ± 5.2 months (ranging from 1 months to 5 years). The most common congenital ocular anomaly was cataract (53.4%). Unilateral alterations were predominant (56.3%). Congenital ocular anomalies were isolated (82.5%); associated with systemic anomalies (11.7%); associated with each other (5.8%).
these results show that the epidemiological and clinical features of congenital ocular anomalies are similar to those reported in the literature. However, in our Hospital, the frequency of congenital ocular anomalies and patients' age at diagnosis are high. Early diagnosis is essential to ensure adequate management and preserve visual function.
先天性眼部异常是罕见的临床病症。本研究的目的是描述洛美大学校园医院先天性眼部异常的流行病学和临床特征。
我们在洛美大学校园医院眼科进行了一项回顾性研究，为期3年，从2016年1月至2018年12月。研究对象为患有先天性眼部异常的儿童。研究变量包括：性别；诊断时的年龄；先天性眼部异常的类型；病变侧别。
在研究期间评估的2621名儿童中，103名（3.9%）患有先天性眼部异常。其中，60名（58.2%）为男孩，43名（41.8%）为女孩。诊断时的平均年龄为16±5.2个月（范围从1个月至5岁）。最常见的先天性眼部异常是白内障（53.4%）。单侧病变为主（56.3%）。先天性眼部异常为孤立性的（82.5%）；与全身异常相关的（11.7%）；相互关联的（5.8%）。
这些结果表明，先天性眼部异常的流行病学和临床特征与文献报道的相似。然而，在我们医院，先天性眼部异常的发生率和患者诊断时的年龄较高。早期诊断对于确保适当的治疗和保留视功能至关重要。
