Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA; email:
Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2022 Jun 6;24:61-83. doi: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-010220-113008. Epub 2022 Feb 28.
Chronic skin wounds are commonly found in older individuals who have impaired circulation due to diabetes or are immobilized due to physical disability. Chronic wounds pose a severe burden to the health-care system and are likely to become increasingly prevalent in aging populations. Various treatment approaches exist to help the healing process, although the healed tissue does not generally recapitulate intact skin but rather forms a scar that has inferior mechanical properties and that lacks appendages such as hair or sweat glands. This article describes new experimental avenues for attempting to improve the regenerative response of skin using biophysical techniques as well as biochemical methods, in some cases by trying to harness the potential of stem cells, either endogenous to the host or provided exogenously, to regenerate the skin. These approaches primarily address the local wound environment and should likely be combined with other modalities to address regional and systemic disease, as well as social determinants of health.
慢性皮肤伤口在因糖尿病而血液循环受损或因身体残疾而无法活动的老年人中很常见。慢性伤口给医疗保健系统带来了严重负担，并且在老龄化人口中可能越来越普遍。存在各种治疗方法来帮助愈合过程，尽管愈合的组织通常不会完全重现完整的皮肤，而是形成疤痕，其机械性能较差，并且缺乏毛发或汗腺等附属物。本文描述了使用生物物理技术和生化方法尝试改善皮肤再生反应的新实验途径，在某些情况下，通过尝试利用宿主内源性或外源性干细胞的潜力来再生皮肤。这些方法主要针对局部伤口环境，并且可能需要与其他方式结合使用，以解决区域和全身性疾病以及健康的社会决定因素。
