Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Center of Language and Cognition, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Value Health. 2022 Mar;25(3):374-381. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2021.09.004. Epub 2021 Oct 13.
To investigate the general population's view on artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine with specific emphasis on 3 areas that have experienced major progress in AI research in the past few years, namely radiology, robotic surgery, and dermatology.
For this prospective study, the April 2020 Online Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences Panel Wave was used. Of the 3117 Longitudinal Internet Studies For The Social Sciences panel members contacted, 2411 completed the full questionnaire (77.4% response rate), after combining data from earlier waves, the final sample size was 1909. A total of 3 scales focusing on trust in the implementation of AI in radiology, robotic surgery, and dermatology were used. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of variance was used for comparison.
The overall means show that respondents have slightly more trust in AI in dermatology than in radiology and surgery. The means show that higher educated males, employed or student, of Western background, and those not admitted to a hospital in the past 12 months have more trust in AI. The trust in AI in radiology, robotic surgery, and dermatology is positively associated with belief in the efficiency of AI and these specific domains were negatively associated with distrust and accountability in AI in general.
The general population is more distrustful of AI in medicine unlike the overall optimistic views posed in the media. The level of trust is dependent on what medical area is subject to scrutiny. Certain demographic characteristics and individuals with a generally positive view on AI and its efficiency are significantly associated with higher levels of trust in AI.
调查普通民众对人工智能（AI）在医学领域的看法，特别关注过去几年在 AI 研究方面取得重大进展的 3 个领域，即放射科、机器人手术和皮肤科。
本前瞻性研究使用了 2020 年 4 月在线纵向社会科学面板波。在联系的 3117 名纵向社会科学面板成员中，有 2411 人完成了完整的问卷（77.4%的回复率），结合早期波的数据后，最终样本量为 1909 人。总共使用了 3 个关注对 AI 在放射科、机器人手术和皮肤科实施的信任的量表。采用重复测量方差分析和多元方差分析进行比较。
总体均值表明，受访者对 AI 在皮肤科的信任度略高于放射科和手术。均值表明，受教育程度较高的男性、在职或学生、西方背景以及过去 12 个月内未住院的人对 AI 的信任度更高。对 AI 在放射科、机器人手术和皮肤科的信任与对 AI 效率的信念呈正相关，而这些特定领域与对 AI 的普遍不信任和问责制呈负相关。
与媒体普遍乐观的观点不同，普通民众对医学人工智能的信任度较低。信任程度取决于受审查的医学领域。某些人口统计学特征和对 AI 及其效率持普遍积极观点的个体与对 AI 的更高信任水平显著相关。
