Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2022 Apr;65:100991. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.100991. Epub 2022 Feb 26.
This paper intends to apprise the reader regarding the existing knowledge on the neuroanatomical distribution of GnIH-like peptides in in fish and amphibians in both the adult stage and during ontogenesis. The neuroanatomical distribution of GnIH-like neuropeptides appears quite different in the studied species, irrespective of the evolutionary closeness. The topology of the olfactory bulbs can affect the distribution of neurons producing the GnIH-like peptides, with a tendency to show a more extended distribution into the brains with pedunculate olfactory bulbs. Therefore, the variability of the GnIH-like system could also reflect specific adaptations rather than evolutionary patterns. The onset of GnIH expression was detected very early during development suggesting its precocious roles, and the neuroanatomical distribution of GnIH-like elements showed a generally increasing trend. This review highlights some critical technical aspects and the need to increase the number of species to be studied to obtain a complete neuroanatomical picture of the GnIH-like system.
本文旨在使读者了解鱼类和两栖类动物在成体和个体发育过程中 GnIH 样肽的神经解剖分布的现有知识。GnIH 样神经肽的神经解剖分布在研究的物种中存在明显差异，与进化上的亲缘关系无关。嗅球的拓扑结构可能会影响产生 GnIH 样肽的神经元的分布，具有向具有茎状嗅球的大脑中更广泛分布的趋势。因此，GnIH 样系统的可变性也可能反映了特定的适应性，而不是进化模式。在发育过程中很早就检测到 GnIH 的表达，表明其具有早熟的作用，GnIH 样成分的神经解剖分布呈普遍增加的趋势。本综述强调了一些关键的技术方面，并需要增加要研究的物种数量，以获得 GnIH 样系统的完整神经解剖图像。
