Department of Internal Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Japan.
Department of Cardiology, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, Japan.
Intern Med. 2022 Sep 15;61(18):2711-2719. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.8932-21. Epub 2022 Feb 26.
Objective In an extremely aging society, it is beneficial to reconsider the value of medical treatment for extremely elderly patients. We therefore focused on the efficacy of statin therapy in extremely elderly patients. This study investigated the efficacy of statins for secondary prevention in patients over 75 years old. Methods This prospective multicenter registry included 1,676 consecutive extremely elderly patients with coronary artery disease who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The patients were followed up clinically for up to three years or until the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as a composite of all-cause death and non-fatal myocardial infarction. Using propensity score methodology to eliminate selection bias, in a 1:1 matching ratio, we selected 466 pairs of patients for the analysis. Results During the median follow-up period of 25 months, MACEs occurred in 176 patients. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that statin treatment correlated with a lower probability of initial MACE occurrences within 30 days compared with no statin treatment (log-rank test, p<0.001). According to a landmark analysis at day 30, statin treatment still showed consistent effectiveness for reducing MACE occurrence during the follow up period (p=0.04). A multivariable Cox hazard analysis showed that statin therapy significantly reduced MACE occurrence (hazard ratio 0.55 [0.40-0.75], p<0.001). In the stratification analysis, statin therapy was especially beneficial in patients without symptomatic heart failure. Conclusion Statins were effective in preventing MACEs in extremely elderly patients after PCI.
目的
在老龄化极为严重的社会中,重新考虑高龄患者医疗的价值是有益的。因此,我们关注了高龄患者使用他汀类药物治疗的效果。本研究旨在探讨他汀类药物对 75 岁以上患者进行二级预防的效果。
方法
这是一项前瞻性多中心注册研究,共纳入 1676 例经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)成功的冠状动脉疾病极高龄患者。对这些患者进行了长达 3 年的临床随访,或直至主要不良心脏事件(MACE)的发生,MACE 定义为全因死亡和非致死性心肌梗死的复合终点。采用倾向评分匹配方法消除选择偏倚,以 1:1 的比例对 466 对患者进行配对分析。
结果
在中位随访 25 个月期间,176 例患者发生了 MACE。Kaplan-Meier 分析显示,与未使用他汀类药物相比,他汀类药物治疗与 30 天内首次 MACE 发生的概率较低相关(对数秩检验,p<0.001)。根据 30 天的 landmark 分析,他汀类药物治疗在随访期间仍显示出降低 MACE 发生的一致性效果(p=0.04)。多变量 Cox 风险分析显示,他汀类药物治疗显著降低了 MACE 的发生(风险比 0.55 [0.40-0.75],p<0.001)。在分层分析中,他汀类药物治疗对无症状心力衰竭患者的获益更为显著。
结论
在 PCI 后,他汀类药物对高龄患者的 MACE 预防有效。