Department of Microbiology, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria.
J Sci Food Agric. 2022 Aug 30;102(11):4791-4801. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11842. Epub 2022 Mar 9.
Aflatoxin-contaminated grain consumption over the years has been known to result in serious health hazards for its consumers. The present study investigated the effects of harvest seasons and drying methods on aflatoxins in freshly harvested maize. A 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 factorial design was used; two harvesting seasons (dry and wet), maize varieties (P3966W, P4063W and P4226), moisture contents (0.15, 0.12, and 0.10 g kg ), modern fabricated solar dryer (MFSD), hybrid biomass dryer (HBD) and open-air drying (OAD) methods, and packaging materials (plastic, jute and polyethylene bag) were studied, respectively. In total, 162 samples (n = 162) of maize grains (250 g each) were dried. The freshly harvested maize was shelled, dried, stored and analyzed for aflatoxins using high-performance liquid chromatography. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.
P3966W and P4063W with an initial moisture content of (0.226 and 0.234 g kg ) reached a safe level of 0.10 g kg using MFSD within 2-3 days, HBD within 2-3 days and OAD within 5 days. Variety P4226 with an initial moisture content of 0.228 g kg reached a safe moisture level of 0.10 g kg in 2, 3, and 7 days using MFSD, HBD and OAD, respectively. Aflatoxin concentration (56.00 ± 8.89 μg kg ) was highest in P4063W at 0.15 g kg moisture content, which exceeded the maximum permissible limits of 4 μg kg recommended by the World Health Organization.
Variety, type of dryer and season affect aflatoxin contamination of maize. The adoption of MFSD drastically reduced the duration of drying and consequently controlled contamination by aflatoxins. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
多年来，人们已知食用受黄曲霉毒素污染的粮食会对消费者造成严重的健康危害。本研究调查了收获季节和干燥方法对新鲜收获玉米中黄曲霉毒素的影响。采用 2×3×3×3×3 析因设计；两个收获季节（干季和湿季）、玉米品种（P3966W、P4063W 和 P4226）、水分含量（0.15、0.12 和 0.10 g/kg）、现代制造的太阳能干燥器（MFSD）、混合生物质干燥器（HBD）和露天干燥（OAD）方法以及包装材料（塑料、黄麻和聚乙烯袋）分别进行了研究。总共干燥了 162 个（n=162）玉米籽粒（每个 250 g）样品。将新鲜收获的玉米去壳、干燥、储存，并使用高效液相色谱法分析黄曲霉毒素。对获得的数据进行了统计分析。
初始水分含量为（0.226 和 0.234 g/kg）的 P3966W 和 P4063W 使用 MFSD 在 2-3 天内、HBD 在 2-3 天内和 OAD 在 5 天内达到安全水分水平 0.10 g/kg。初始水分含量为 0.228 g/kg 的 P4226 使用 MFSD、HBD 和 OAD 分别在 2、3 和 7 天内达到安全水分水平 0.10 g/kg。在 0.15 g/kg 水分含量下，P4063W 的黄曲霉毒素浓度（56.00±8.89μg/kg）最高，超过世界卫生组织建议的 4μg/kg 最大允许限量。
品种、干燥器类型和季节会影响玉米的黄曲霉毒素污染。MFSD 的采用大大缩短了干燥时间，从而控制了黄曲霉毒素的污染。 © 2022 化学工业协会。
