Rueger Sandra Yu, Worthington Everett L, Davis Edward B, Chen Zhuo Job, Cowden Richard G, Moloney Jaclyn M, Eveleigh Elisha, Stone Lauren B, Lemke Austin W, Glowiak Kevin J
School of Psychology, Counseling, and Family Therapy, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL, USA.
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University.
J Pers Assess. 2023 Jan-Feb;105(1):58-73. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2022.2032100. Epub 2022 Mar 1.
Hope has been conceptualized as agency and pathways to achieve goals. However, this goal-directed conceptualization does not encapsulate all situations in which hope may be beneficial. To address the dispositional motivation to endure when a desired goal seems unattainable, unlikely, or even impossible (i.e., goal-transcendent hope), we provide initial psychometric evidence for the new Persevering Hope Scale (PHS). We developed and refined the PHS with undergraduates at a public college (Study 1) and replicated our findings in a community adult sample (Study 2). We replicated and extended these findings using longitudinal data with undergraduates at a faith-based college (Study 3) and a community sample of chronically ill adults (Study 4), and examined measurement invariance (Study 5). Scores on the PHS demonstrated robust evidence of estimated internal consistency and of criterion-related, convergent/discriminant, and incremental validity. Estimated temporal stability was modest. Partial scalar invariance was evidenced across samples, and full scalar invariance was evidenced across gender, race/ethnicity, and time. These preliminary findings suggest that the PHS is a psychometrically sound measure of persevering hope. Its use can broaden the current body of literature on trait hope to include goal-transcendent hope and advance research on the nature and benefits of this important construct.
希望已被概念化为实现目标的能动性和途径。然而，这种以目标为导向的概念化并不能涵盖希望可能有益的所有情形。为了应对当期望的目标似乎无法实现、不太可能实现甚至完全不可能实现时坚持下去的倾向性动机（即超越目标的希望），我们为新的“坚持希望量表”（PHS）提供了初步的心理测量学证据。我们在一所公立大学对本科生进行研究并开发和完善了PHS（研究1），然后在一个社区成人样本中重复了我们的研究结果（研究2）。我们使用一所教会大学本科生的纵向数据和一个慢性病成年人群体样本（研究4）重复并扩展了这些发现，并检验了测量不变性（研究5）。PHS的得分显示出有力的证据，证明了估计的内部一致性以及与标准相关的、聚合/区分和增量效度。估计的时间稳定性一般。在不同样本中证明了部分标量不变性，在性别、种族/民族和时间上证明了完全标量不变性。这些初步发现表明，PHS是一种在心理测量学上合理的坚持希望的测量工具。它的使用可以拓宽当前关于特质希望的文献范围，将超越目标的希望纳入其中，并推进对这一重要概念的本质和益处的研究。
