Snyder C R, Sympson S C, Ybasco F C, Borders T F, Babyak M A, Higgins R L
Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 60045-2462, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Feb;70(2):321-35. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.70.2.321.
Defining hope as a cognitive set comprising agency (belief in one's capacity to initiate and sustain actions) and pathways (belief in one's capacity to generate routes) to reach goals, the Hope Scale was developed and validated previously as a dispositional self-report measure of hope (Snyder et al., 1991). The present 4 studies were designed to develop and validate a measure of state hope. The 6-item State Hope Scale is internally consistent and reflects the theorized agency and pathways components. The relationships of the State Hope Scale to other measures demonstrate concurrent and discriminant validity; moreover, the scale is responsive to events in the lives of people as evidenced by data gathered through both correlational and causal designs. The State Hope Scale offers a brief, internally consistent, and valid self-report measure of ongoing goal-directed thinking that may be useful to researchers and applied professionals.
希望被定义为一种认知倾向，包括能动性（相信自己有能力发起并维持行动）和路径（相信自己有能力找到实现目标的途径），希望量表先前已被开发并验证为一种关于希望的特质性自我报告测量工具（斯奈德等人，1991年）。目前的4项研究旨在开发并验证一种状态希望的测量工具。这个包含6个条目的状态希望量表在内部是一致的，并且反映了理论上的能动性和路径成分。状态希望量表与其他测量工具之间的关系证明了其同时效度和区分效度；此外，正如通过相关设计和因果设计收集的数据所证明的那样，该量表对人们生活中的事件有反应。状态希望量表提供了一种简短、内部一致且有效的自我报告测量工具，用于测量持续的目标导向思维，这可能对研究人员和应用专业人员有用。
