Department of Health Professions, Lane Community College, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
Shenandoah Valley Maternal Fetal Medicine, Valley Health, Winchester, Virginia, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2022 May;31(5):656-664. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0365. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
Influenza and tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) vaccinations during pregnancy protect mother and infant. However, acceptance of these vaccines during pregnancy is suboptimal, especially among Black women in the United States. We characterize vaccine intentions and opinions of pregnant patients at two prenatal care clinics before and after reading informational text. A survey was distributed to pregnant patients at prenatal clinics in Winchester, Virginia, and Jacksonville, Florida. The survey assessed patient demographics and vaccine opinions and acceptance before and after patients read informational text about the vaccines. Associations between demographics and vaccine opinions and acceptance were assessed using Chi-square; Principal Component Analysis was used to produce an influenza vaccine opinion score. Differences in the opinion score between groups were assessed by ANOVA and ANCOVA. Respondents ( = 654) who identified as Black and with lower educational attainment reported lower receipt of the influenza vaccine outside of pregnancy and receipt of or plans to receive the influenza and Tdap vaccines during pregnancy ( < 0.001). Respondents' influenza vaccine practices outside of pregnancy were associated with their likelihood of getting the vaccine while pregnant. Most respondents found the informational text useful; among women not yet vaccinated, 26% reported they were more likely to receive the influenza vaccine and 49.9% more likely to receive the Tdap vaccine after reading the text. Women have varying opinions and make different decisions about immunization, with race and educational level being significant correlates. Participants generally welcomed information about vaccines, and many were influenced positively, especially for Tdap.
流感和破伤风、白喉、百日咳（Tdap）疫苗接种可保护母婴。然而，孕妇对这些疫苗的接受程度并不理想，尤其是在美国的黑人女性中。我们在两次产前护理诊所之前和之后描述了孕妇的疫苗接种意向和意见，这些诊所分别位于弗吉尼亚州温彻斯特和佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔。调查在弗吉尼亚州温彻斯特和佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔的产前诊所向孕妇分发。该调查评估了患者的人口统计学特征、疫苗意见和接受程度，这些评估在患者阅读关于疫苗的信息文本之前和之后进行。使用卡方检验评估人口统计学特征与疫苗意见和接受程度之间的相关性；使用主成分分析生成流感疫苗意见评分。通过方差分析和协方差分析评估组间意见评分的差异。被确定为黑人且受教育程度较低的受访者（ = 654）报告称，在怀孕期间以外接种流感疫苗的比例较低，以及在怀孕期间接种或计划接种流感和 Tdap 疫苗的比例较低（ < 0.001）。受访者在怀孕期间以外接种流感疫苗的情况与他们在怀孕期间接种疫苗的可能性相关。大多数受访者认为信息文本很有用；在尚未接种疫苗的女性中，26%表示她们更有可能接种流感疫苗，49.9%更有可能接种 Tdap 疫苗。妇女对免疫接种有不同的意见并做出不同的决定，种族和教育程度是重要的相关因素。参与者普遍欢迎有关疫苗的信息，许多人受到了积极影响，尤其是对 Tdap 的影响。
