Immunotherapy-based combination strategies for treatment of EGFR-TKI-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer.

The rapid development of molecular targeted therapy brings hope to patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, drug resistance inevitably occurs during treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR-TKI, shows a favorable prognosis in T790M-positive NSCLC. Unfortunately, acquired resistance is still a challenge for both patients and clinicians. There is still no consensus on the optimal treatment. PD-1 and its ligand receptor 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have yielded great progress, especially in patients with no actionable mutations. In this review, the authors take stock of the relationship between mutations and PD-L1 expression and summarize the important clinical studies on immunotherapy-inhibitor-based treatment in patients with EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC.