Leon Leticia, Perez-Sancristobal Ines, Madrid Alfredo, Lopez-Pedraza Leticia, Colomer Jose Ignacio, Lerma Sergio, Lois Pia, Mucientes Arkaitz, Rodriguez-Rodriguez Luis, Fernandez-Gutierrez Benjamin, Abasolo Lydia
Rheumatology Department and IdISSC, Hospital Clinico San Carlos.
Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Camilo Jose Cela.
Rheumatol Adv Pract. 2022 Feb 17;6(1):rkac008. doi: 10.1093/rap/rkac008. eCollection 2022.
We aimed to describe persistent symptoms and sequelae in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) after admission owing to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), assessing the role of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) compared with non-autoimmune rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (NARDs) on persistent symptoms and sequelae.
We performed an observational study including RMD patients who attended a rheumatology clinic in Madrid and required admission owing to COVID-19 (between March and May 2020) and survived. The study began at discharge and ran until October 2020. Main outcomes were persistence of symptoms and sequelae related to COVID-19. The independent variable was the RMD group (ARD and NARD). Covariates included sociodemographics, clinical and treatment data. We ran a multivariate logistic regression model to assess the risk of the main outcomes by RMD group.
We included 105 patients, of whom 51.5% had ARD and 68.57% reported at least one persistent symptom. The most frequent symptoms were dyspnoea, fatigue and chest pain. Sequelae were recorded in 31 patients. These included lung damage in 10.4% of patients, lymphopenia in 10%, a central retinal vein occlusion and an optic neuritis. Two patients died. Eleven patients required re-admission owing to COVID-19 problems (16.7% ARD 3.9% NARD; = 0.053). No statistically significant differences were found between RMD groups in the final models.
Many RMD patients have persistent symptoms, as in other populations. Lung damage is the most frequent sequela. Compared with NARD, ARD does not seem to differ in terms of persistent symptoms or consequences, although ARD might have more re-admissions owing to COVID-19.
我们旨在描述2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）导致入院的风湿性和肌肉骨骼疾病（RMD）患者的持续症状和后遗症，评估自身免疫性风湿性疾病（ARD）与非自身免疫性风湿性和肌肉骨骼疾病（NARD）相比在持续症状和后遗症方面的作用。
我们进行了一项观察性研究，纳入了2020年3月至5月期间因COVID-19在马德里一家风湿病诊所就诊并入院且存活的RMD患者。研究从出院开始，持续至2020年10月。主要结局是与COVID-19相关的症状和后遗症的持续存在。自变量是RMD组（ARD和NARD）。协变量包括社会人口统计学、临床和治疗数据。我们运行了一个多变量逻辑回归模型来评估RMD组主要结局的风险。
我们纳入了105名患者，其中51.5%患有ARD，68.57%报告至少有一种持续症状。最常见的症状是呼吸困难、疲劳和胸痛。31名患者记录有后遗症。其中包括10.4%的患者有肺部损伤，10%的患者有淋巴细胞减少，1例中心视网膜静脉阻塞和1例视神经炎。2例患者死亡。11名患者因COVID-19问题需要再次入院（ARD为16.7%，NARD为3.9%；P = 0.053）。在最终模型中，RMD组之间未发现统计学上的显著差异。
许多RMD患者有持续症状，与其他人群一样。肺部损伤是最常见的后遗症。与NARD相比，ARD在持续症状或后果方面似乎没有差异，尽管ARD可能因COVID-19而有更多再次入院情况。
