新冠疫情期间饮食习惯、睡眠和身体活动的变化：一项对年轻巴西成年男性的纵向研究。
Changes in eating habits, sleep, and physical activity during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A longitudinal study in young Brazilian adult males.
机构信息
Health Sciences Center, Nutrition Graduate Program, 28117Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
Department of Physiological Sciences, 28117Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
出版信息
Nutr Health. 2022 Dec;28(4):701-709. doi: 10.1177/02601060221081653. Epub 2022 Mar 2.
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has promoted changes in lifestyle behaviors, such as food consumption, sleep, and physical activity (PA). Few longitudinal studies have investigated these changes in young adults. This study aimed to assess lifestyle behaviors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in young adult males. 50 young adult males (18-35 years) recruited by posters and social media in Florianopolis, Brazil, provided data on food consumption, PA, and sleep in 2018-2019 (baseline) and during the pandemic in 2020 (follow-up). PA and sleep variables were assessed through self-reported questionnaires. Food records were used to evaluate food consumption. Weight was measured using Bioelectrical impedance analysis at baseline and using self-reported at follow-up. Multilevel linear regression models and generalized linear multilevel were used to test differences between baseline and follow-up. The findings indicated significant changes at follow-up, compared to baseline. Decreased consumption of total fat (β = -13.32, 95% CI (-22.45; -4.18), < 0.01), sodium (β = -1330.72, 95% CI (-1790.63; -870.82), < 0.01), cholesterol (β = -212.99, 95% CI (-269.8; -156.18), < 0.01), total sugars (β = -65.12, 95% CI (-80.94; -49.29), < 0.01), alcohol, and sugar-sweetened beverage were observed. Despite that, a slight increase in weight was also observed (80.70 ± 16.37 kg 82.99 ± 15.42 kg, = 0.000748). Sleep duration increased (β = 0.7596, 95% CI (0.41; 1.11), < 0.01), and occupational PA decreased (β = -1168.1, 95% CI (-1422.33; -913.83), < 0.01), while domestic (β = 394.04, 95%CI (114.68; 673.39, < 0.01)) and leisure PA (β = 499.91, 95% CI (245.28; 754.53), < 0.01) increased. Our results suggest that social distancing policies positively impacted eating habits, sleep, and PA patterns. These changes are possibly linked to increased awareness of the need for a healthy lifestyle.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行改变了人们的生活方式行为，如食物消费、睡眠和身体活动（PA）。很少有纵向研究调查过年轻人的这些变化。本研究旨在评估年轻男性在 COVID-19 大流行前后的生活方式行为。本研究招募了 50 名 18-35 岁的年轻男性（通过海报和社交媒体在巴西弗洛里亚诺波利斯），在 2018-2019 年（基线）和 2020 年大流行期间（随访）提供了关于食物消费、PA 和睡眠的数据。PA 和睡眠变量通过自我报告的问卷进行评估。通过食物记录评估食物消费。体重在基线时使用生物电阻抗分析进行测量，在随访时使用自我报告进行测量。使用多水平线性回归模型和广义线性多水平模型来检验基线和随访之间的差异。研究结果表明，与基线相比，随访时出现了显著变化。总脂肪（β=-13.32，95%置信区间[-22.45；-4.18]， < 0.01）、钠（β=-1330.72，95%置信区间[-1790.63；-870.82]， < 0.01）、胆固醇（β=-212.99，95%置信区间[-269.8；-156.18]， < 0.01）、总糖（β=-65.12，95%置信区间[-80.94；-49.29]， < 0.01）、酒精和含糖饮料的消耗明显减少。尽管如此，体重也略有增加（80.70±16.37kg，82.99±15.42kg， = 0.000748）。睡眠时间增加（β=0.7596，95%置信区间[0.41；1.11]， < 0.01），职业 PA 减少（β=-1168.1，95%置信区间[-1422.33；-913.83]， < 0.01），而家庭（β=394.04，95%CI[114.68；673.39]， < 0.01）和休闲 PA（β=499.91，95%CI[245.28；754.53]， < 0.01）增加。我们的结果表明，社交距离政策对饮食习惯、睡眠和 PA 模式产生了积极影响。这些变化可能与对健康生活方式的需求意识增强有关。
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