Cohen A M
Prog Biochem Pharmacol. 1986;21:74-103.
It has been demonstrated that the metabolic responses to ingested carbohydrate depend on the genetic make-up of the recipient; the type of the ingested carbohydrate molecule, and the amount and nature of protein, fat and the different trace elements in the diet. All of these elements affect the glucose tolerance, the insulin response, the number of insulin receptors and the blood lipids and the hepatic content and synthesis. The metabolic responses differ between and within species. Experiments with the selection and feeding of animals with different genetic susceptibility to the same carbohydrate intake may explain why individuals or groups with different sensitivity may develop high blood glucose and/or lipid levels, whereas other individuals will retain normal values on consuming the same amount of the carbohydrate. This also explains why, in the same community, only a certain percentage of the population will develop diabetes or carbohydrate-induced lipidemia while others will not.
业已证明，对摄入碳水化合物的代谢反应取决于受体的基因组成、摄入碳水化合物分子的类型、饮食中蛋白质、脂肪和不同微量元素的数量及性质。所有这些因素都会影响葡萄糖耐量、胰岛素反应、胰岛素受体数量、血脂以及肝脏含量和合成。不同物种之间以及同一物种内部的代谢反应存在差异。对相同碳水化合物摄入量具有不同遗传易感性的动物进行选择和喂养实验，或许可以解释为什么敏感度不同的个体或群体可能会出现高血糖和/或高血脂，而其他个体在摄入相同量碳水化合物时却能保持正常数值。这也解释了为什么在同一社区中，只有一定比例的人群会患上糖尿病或碳水化合物诱导的血脂异常，而其他人则不会。
