Cancer Prevention and Control, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, 2771, USA.
School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, 27710, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2022 May;26(5):963-969. doi: 10.1007/s10995-022-03386-6. Epub 2022 Mar 2.
Smoking during pregnancy can affect infant birthweight. We tested whether an intervention that promoted scheduled gradual reduction improved birth outcomes among pregnant women who smoked. We also examined race differences in birth outcomes.
We conducted a 2-arm randomized controlled trial where pregnant women who smoked received either SMS text-delivered scheduled gradual smoking reduction (SGR) program plus support texts or support messages only throughout their pregnancy. The outcomes for this paper were birth outcomes including birth weight and gestational age obtained from chart review. Analyses were conducted using chi-square and t-tests in SAS.
We approached 2201 pregnant women with smoking history. Of the 314 women recruited into the study, 290 completed a medical release form (92%). We did not find any significant differences in birth outcomes by arm or race. The majority of participants reduced smoking by the 80%. Women who reduced more than 50% of their baseline cigarettes per day had a birth weight increase of 335 g compared to those that did not (p = 0.05). The presence of alcohol/drug use in prenatal visit notes was associated with low infant birth weight (p = 0.05).
The scheduled gradual reduction intervention did not improve birth outcomes. Additional research is needed to help improve birth outcomes for pregnant women who engage in tobacco and illicit substance use. CLINICAL TRIAL #: NCT01995097.
孕期吸烟会影响婴儿的出生体重。我们检验了一项促进有计划逐步减少吸烟的干预措施是否能改善吸烟孕妇的生育结果。我们还研究了种族差异对生育结果的影响。
我们进行了一项 2 臂随机对照试验，给吸烟的孕妇提供短信发送的有计划逐步戒烟（SGR）计划加支持短信，或在整个孕期只提供支持短信。本文的结果是通过病历回顾获得的出生结果，包括出生体重和胎龄。分析使用 SAS 中的卡方检验和 t 检验进行。
我们接触了 2201 名有吸烟史的孕妇。在招募的 314 名女性中，有 290 名完成了医疗许可表（92%）。我们没有发现任何手臂或种族之间的出生结果有显著差异。大多数参与者减少了 80%的吸烟量。与没有减少的人相比，每天减少 50%以上基线香烟数量的女性出生体重增加了 335 克（p=0.05）。产前检查记录中存在酒精/药物使用与低婴儿出生体重有关（p=0.05）。
有计划的逐步减少干预措施并没有改善生育结果。需要进一步的研究来帮助改善吸烟和滥用非法物质的孕妇的生育结果。临床试验注册号：NCT01995097。
