Xu Zhonghua, Zhang Yuan
Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
Arthroplasty. 2022 Jan 17;4(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s42836-021-00109-0.
To outline the main results of the 2021 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2021) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and review the advances in artificially intelligent joint surgery in China.
The keynote speeches of the 2021 ICRA were summarized in detail, and publications indexed by five core electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, Embase and CNKI) were systematically surveyed (cutoff date: July 30, 2021) in terms of the main topics of the conference. Publications directly related to artificially intelligent joint surgery in China were identified by using the search strategies of (robotic AND arthroplasty OR replacement), (navigation AND arthroplasty OR replacement), (artificial intelligent AND arthroplasty OR replacement), and (mixed reality AND arthroplasty OR replacement) and systemically reviewed.
While robot-assisted arthroplasty in China is mainly performed using robots made in other countries (e.g., Mako from Stryker, USA), China's domestic R&D of robots and clinical studies of robotic joint surgery have made some achievements. Although reports on the safety, effectiveness and clinical efficacy of China's domestic robot-assisted joint surgery were presented at conferences, they have rarely been published in journals. Existing data indicate that, after the learning curve is overcome, robot-assisted hip and knee replacement surgery can fully achieve the established goals of precision and individualization and can significantly improve the accuracy of prosthesis placement angle and the recovery of the mechanical axis as compared with conventional surgery. The downside is that the low level of intelligentization and individualization means that existing designs are not conducive to personalization during surgery, resulting in low cost-effectiveness.
The safety and efficacy of domestic robot-assisted arthroplasty in China are well documented, and its accuracy and short-term clinical efficacy have been reported. However, the long-term clinical efficacy and the cost-effectiveness of large-scale clinical application of this technique warrants further study. The inadequacies of robot-assisted surgery should be remedied through the deep integration of medicine, engineering and the network.
概述2021年电气和电子工程师协会（IEEE）国际机器人与自动化会议（ICRA 2021）的主要成果，并回顾中国人工智能关节手术的进展。
详细总结了2021年ICRA的主题演讲，并根据会议的主要主题，对五个核心电子数据库（PubMed、Cochrane、Medline、Embase和CNKI）收录的出版物进行了系统检索（截止日期：2021年7月30日）。通过使用（机器人与关节成形术或置换术）、（导航与关节成形术或置换术）、（人工智能与关节成形术或置换术）以及（混合现实与关节成形术或置换术）的检索策略，识别出与中国人工智能关节手术直接相关的出版物并进行系统综述。
虽然中国的机器人辅助关节成形术主要使用其他国家制造的机器人（如美国史赛克公司的Mako），但中国在机器人的国内研发以及机器人关节手术的临床研究方面取得了一些成果。尽管国内机器人辅助关节手术的安全性、有效性和临床疗效报告在会议上有所展示，但很少在期刊上发表。现有数据表明，克服学习曲线后，机器人辅助髋关节和膝关节置换手术能够充分实现既定的精准和个体化目标，与传统手术相比，可显著提高假体置入角度的准确性和机械轴的恢复情况。不足之处在于智能化和个体化水平较低，意味着现有设计不利于手术中的个性化操作，导致成本效益较低。
国内机器人辅助关节成形术在中国的安全性和有效性有充分记录，其准确性和短期临床疗效也有报道。然而，该技术大规模临床应用的长期临床疗效和成本效益值得进一步研究。机器人辅助手术的不足之处应通过医学、工程和网络的深度融合来弥补。
